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A.
We all know that too much stress is not good for our health, but too little is not ideal, either. While ___1___ stress can be dangerous to the body, short-term stress is actually healthy. Short-term stress triggers the production of protective chemicals in our body and strengthens the body's defenses. ___2___ our body is in a vulnerable situation, a burst of stress will quickly mobilize the body's own repair system to defend the damaged areas. This ___3___ us from physical discomfort and sickness. Small amounts of stress hormones may even sharpen our memory. A recent study found that when rats were forced to swim - an activity that places them under stress for a short while - they remembered their way through mazes far ___4___ than rats that were in a relaxed state. The key to a healthy lifestyle is to keep our stress level ___5___. Too much stress will make us cranky and sick. Too little stress, on the other hand, will lead to boredom and low motivation.
(A) contagious (B) chronic (C) diagnostic (D) tedious
(A) Till (B) Unless (C) When (D) Whereas
(A) conceals (B) derives (C) shields (D) transforms
(A) harder (B) better (C) less (D) further
(A) balanced (B) balancing (C) balances (D) to balance
B.
Gesky Krumlov, lying in Bohemia's deep south, is deemed one of the most picturesque towns in Europe. Listed as a UNESCO site in 1992, Cesky Krumlov resembles a surreal medieval town and it ___1___ one of the most magnetic cities in the Czech Republic. Situated on both banks of Vltava River, Cesky Krumlov boasts a ___2___ of architectures, including Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque. Every year, hordes of tourists flock into Cesky Krumlov, milling around the cobblestone streets. They ___3___ exhibitions in galleries or museums, and savor local food in cafes, pubs and restaurants. The best way to explore Cesky Krumlov is on foot. Cars are banned in many parts of the historic section, which are designated for pedestrians. This was ___4___ since most scenic spots can be accessed by walking. In the castle tower, a lot of tourists enjoy ascending the narrow, winding staircase up to the top. Once there, they can spend as much time taking in the magnificent panoramic view. ___5___ visits Cesky Krumlov always gets intimate with it. The slow pace there is reminiscent of the bygone age, making people totally relaxed.
(A) initially (B) scarcely (C) definitely (D) occasionally
(A) mix (B) dip (C) zone (D)crew
(A) cope with (B) stem from (C) feast on (D) rage at
(A) not flexible at all (B) still quite traditional (C) not annoying at all (D) just irritating
(A) Those who (B) Anyone (C) What (D) Whoever
C.
Do you know the difference between the terms meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite in astronomy? Many people find these words confusing. However, the difference is all about their ___1___. Meteoroids are far up in the sky. They are chunks of rock or metal that speed through space. Some are very large and may be hundreds of feet wide. Others ___2___ the size of a small stone. Most meteoroids travel around the sun in space and stay away from the Earth. However, sometimes a meteoroid will enter the Earth's atmosphere. Friction with the atmosphere will cause it to ___3___ and burn while traveling at high speed. As a meteoroid begins to burn in the atmosphere, it leaves a streak of light. When this tail-like light is falling down toward the Earth, it is called meteor, or a shooting star. Most meteors vaporize completely before they hit the ground. If any meteor ___4___ its fiery journey through the atmosphere and lands on Earth, it is called a meteorite. Large meteorites can cause great explosions and much destruction on the surface of the Earth. ___5___, Barringer Crater in the American state of Arizona, measuring 1,200m in diameter and some 170m deep, was produced by a meteorite impact.
(A) size (B) weight (C) location (D) temperature
(A) may be (b) would be (C) must have been (D) could have been
(A) wear out (B) turn off (C) break through (D) heat up
(A) approaches (B) survives (C) confirms (D) targets
(A) Indeed (B) Nevertheless (C) For example (D) In short
D.
On the basis of political correctness, people usually agree that it's not okay to bully others because of their religion or sexuality. ___1___, for many Westerners, teasing "gingers," or the redheads, seems to be the last frontier of socially accepted bullying. Ridiculous ___2___ it sounds, gingerism does exist. For those who have gone through such unchecked discrimination, it is real, and it cuts deep. Anti-redhead prejudice can be traced back to thousands of years ago. In ancient Greece and medieval Europe, redheads were associated with evil, aggressive, and promiscuous. Nowadays, ___3___ others, people tend to bully children with red hair. Studies also show that redheaded males are much more likely to have more negative experiences than their female ___4___. Experts are not confident that gingerism can be addressed by expanding the definition of discrimination in laws. Yet, they do encourage redheads to ___5___ their identity by holding ginger-themed events to remind people that they deserve more tolerance and sympathy. Red hair is rare, accounting for less than 2% of the world population, but redheads are absolutely unique!
(A) Meanwhile (B) Nevertheless (C) Furthermore (D) Hence
(A) as (B) than (C) but (D) that
(A) for the sake of (B) at the mercy of (C) on behalf of (D) in preference to
(A) frameworks (B) opponents (C) counterparts (D) participants
(A) convince (B) embrace (C) fulfill (D) install
E.
The Consumer Protection Act in Taiwan was enacted on January 11, 1994. The Act demonstrated the government's efforts to protect consumers' rights and interests. The Consumer Protection Commission, the current Consumer Protection Committee, ___1___ the supervisor and coordinator for the various consumer protection organizations that put this law into practice. In order to improve the well-being of consumers in Taiwan, the Committee advocates fair trade and ___2___ pricing for goods and services. The Committee also organizes educational programs to raise consumer awareness, and is active in assisting consumers involved in ___3___ with businesses or manufacturers. Since its establishment, the Consumer Protection Committee has taken measures that emphasize product safety and sanitation. These measures also ensure that all labels and advertisements ___4___ to regulations. In addition, the Committee collaborates with various international consumer protection organizations to respond to problems involving cross-border trade and business. ___5___ its regulatory power and administrative resources, the Committee plays a crucial role in protecting consumers in Taiwan.
(A) serves as (B) fights for (C) persists in (D) corresponds to
(A) prominent (B) essential (C) reasonable (D) intensive
(A) references (B) shortages (C) purchases (D) disputes
(A) conform (B) conformed (C) conforming (D) to conform
(A) From (B) With (C) Despite (D) Beyond
F.
Lying is a highly demanding practice. A lying person must conceal the truth and manufacture a substitute story or reality that does not appear ___1___ to every existing fact known to the listener. Such a psychological process usually demands much cognitive effort, which may give people some clues to detect it. People under heavy cognitive load tend to be inactive in their physical movement. A lying person may thus pose arms and legs, blink less, and reduce his or her habitual ___2___ of gesturing. The consequences of heavy cognitive load will extend to changes of speech patterns. Because it would ___3___ for people speaking deceptively to organize ideas in mind, liars are likely to repeat certain phrases, give short and obscure answers, or take longer pauses. There is also evidence that liars tend to adopt impersonal language to distance themselves from the lie. ___4___, liars often use him and her instead of I, me and mine. To create even more evasiveness, some liars will avoid answering the question completely. This is ___5___ professionals of detecting lies will seek to increase the suspected liar's cognitive load and simultaneously monitor the linguistic features. By intentionally making the suspect think harder, the signals of lying can become obvious.
(A) logical (B) vertical (C) satisfactory (D) contrary
(A) frequency (B) deficiency (C) currency (D) fluency
(A) give more opportunities (B) provoke some curiosity (C) take extra time (D) promote certain product
(A) At best (B) For instance (C) Above all (D) By contrast
(A) how (B) why (C) which (D) that
G.
Scientific discovery can take various forms. One of them is "serendipity," the luck of finding valuable things unintentionally. Serendipity was at work when Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, the antibiotic miracle.
Fleming had long been known for having an untidy laboratory. One morning in 1928, this ___1___ proved very fortunate. It was his first day coming back to work after a long vacation. Before the vacation, he ___2___ in the sink a number of petri dishes in which he had been growing bacteria. While he was sorting through the long ___3___ dishes of germs that morning, he observed that some of the dishes were contaminated with a fungus, which had ruined his experiment. He was about to ___4___ the dishes, but he noticed that in one dish, the bacteria had failed to grow in the area around the fungus. This accidental finding gave rise to subsequent research that led to the discovery of penicillin - a drug that has since saved millions of lives. Chance ___5___, however, may not be enough to make key discoveries like this. The scientist must have a prepared and open mind to detect the importance of the unforeseen incident and to use it constructively.
(A) merit (B) opinion (C) scandal (D) disorder
(A) would pile (B) had piled (C) was piling (D) might have piled
(A) disabled (B) excluded (C) unattended (D) misunderstood
(A) toss out (B) get off (C) catch up (D) carry on
(A) alone (B) alike (C) above (D) ahead
H.
The Dublin Whiskey Fire in 1875 was one of the most serious fire accidents in Ireland, On June 18th, 1875, over five thousands barrels of whiskey stored in Malone's malt house exploded for unknown reasons and caught fire. A burning stream of whiskey ran through the streets of Dublin's central district, stretching over four hundred meters and ___1___ up two feet wide and six inches deep. Livestock escaped from fences, and screams from fleeing pigs made the scene ___2___. Famous not only for making alcohol but also for drinking it, Irish people knew how to get ___3___ from the pains of this accident. In the blaze of 1875, many Irish people were reported to drink the free-flowing liquor. Two Irishmen named Healy and M'Nuty were found lying drunk on the street with their boots off, which ___4___ they used as drinking cups. The total casualties of this fire were thirteen people, but none of them died from ___5___ or smoke - they died from alcohol poisoning. Today, a lounge bar sits on the historical site in Dublin, as a symbol of the fire accident and the Irish drinking culture.
(A) reach (B) reached (C) reaching (D) to reach
(A) even more chaotic (B) no longer vacant (C) still quite distant (D) much more fertile
(A) pleasure (B) wisdom (C) courage (D) freedom
(A) eventually (B) evidently (C) instantly (D) fortunately
(A) surgery (B) air crash (C) flames (D) heart attacks
I.
The fashion industry in African has witnessed tremendous growth in recent years. African fashion design has caught the eyes of international celebrities including former US first lady, Michelle Obama, Rihanna, and Beyonce, ___1___. Global demand for African-inspired fashion has led to incredible sales for some African designers and brands.
Folake Folarin-Coker, founder of Tiffany Amber, is one of the best-known fashion designers in both the African and global fashion industry. Born in Lagos, Nigeria, she received her education in Europe, ___2___ she got an opportunity to interact with various cultures at a young age. ___3___, she has a master's degree in law from Switzerland, but as fate would have it, her passion for fashion led her into fashion design.
Folake's tasteful and colorful creations have earned her global ___4___, making her the first African fashion designer to showcase her talent at the New York Mercedes Fashion Week for two consecutive years. She has also been widely ___5___ in international media such as CNN. In 2013, she was listed as one of the Forbes Power Women in Africa.
(A) if any (B) among others (C) in short (D) at best
(A) where (B) there (C) that (D) whether
(A) Generally (B) Ideally (C) Relatively (D) Interestingly
(A) recognition (B) motivation (C) supervision (D) preparation
(A) believed (B) announced (C) featured (D) populated
J.
Most of us have the awkward moment when we are called the wrong names by our parents or when we confuse the names of our friends. This is called "misnaming' in psychology. It usually occurs within a confined social group, such as a boy calling his new girlfriends by the name of his ex, or a family member calling another family member by the name of ___1___family member. Misnaming is not simply driven by the similarity of names or appearances; in fact, it has ___2___ to do with affections, too.
There is a mental semantic network in our brains ___3___ the gathering of information. We can remember things because the units of the semantic network are activated and reached a threshold. However, when related units of information in the brain are also activated, ___4___ will take place. That is, a mother may try to retrieve in mind the name of her son but select the name of her daughter ___5___ the intimate connections of the son and the daughter in the mother's semantic network. So next time we call others the wrong name, we don't have to feel embarrassed; it is just a sign that we love them all!
(A) one (B) other (C) the other (D) still another
(A) nothing (B) everything (C) anything (D) something
(A) responsible for (B) grateful for (C) allergic to (D) opposite to
(A) mental disorders (B) social connections (C) memory errors (D) brain diseases
(A) rather than (B) owing to (C) in case of (D) as for
K.
When we stream the latest TV series, or download high-resolution photos, we are probably unaware that the data behind them is speeding around the world in cables under the sea.
These cable systems, faster and cheaper than satellites, carry most of the intercontinental Internet traffic. Today, there are over 420 submarine cables ___1___, stretching over 700,000 miles around the world. It is not a new phenomenon, ___2___. The first transcontinental cable - laid in 1854 - ran from Ireland to Newfoundland, and made telegraph communication possible between England and Canada. Currently, the world's highest-capacity undersea Internet cable is a 5,600-mile link between the US and Japan. ___3___ named "FASTER," the cable connects Oregon in the US with Japan and Taiwan.
The submarine cables require extra ___4___ to install. They must generally be run across flat surfaces of the ocean floor, and stay clear of coral reefs, sunken ships, fish beds, and other general ___5___. The fiber-optic cables are also very fragile, so they are surrounded with layers of tubing and steel to prevent damage.
(A) at large (B) in service (C) by contrast (D) under control
(A) then (B) still (C) instead (D) though
(A) Suitably (B) Constantly (C) Vitally (D) Mockingly
(A) speed (B) light (C) care (D) link
(A) directions (B) obstacles (C) aquariums (D) circulations
L.
The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples, Italy, but the word "pizza" is Greek in origin, derived from the Greek work Pektos, meaning solid or clotted. The ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils, herbs and cheese. The first ___1___ that led to flat bread pizza was the use of tomato as a toping. It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomato to their yeast-based flat bread, ___2___ the pizza began.
It is believed that modern pizza was first made by baker Raffaele Esposito of Naples in 1889, when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte assigned the Neapolitan pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza ___3___ the visiting Queen Margherita. Of the three different pizza he created, the Queen strongly preferred a pie swathed in the colors of the Italian flag: red (tomato), green (basil), and white (mozzarella). Supposedly, this kind of pizza was then named after the Queen ___4___ Pizza Margherita. Later, the dish has become popular in many parts of the world. Nowadays, many varieties of pizza exist worldwide, ___5___ several dish variants based upon pizza. In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was safeguarded in the European Union as a Traditional Specialty Guaranteed dish.
(A) great relief (B) major innovation (C) clear guideline (D) vast popularity
(A) and so (B) as yet (C) even though (D) or so
(A) in case of (B) in charge of (C) in honor of (D) in return for
(A) as (B) for (C) like (D) with
(A) except (B) along with (C) instead of (D) known to
M.
"Keeping up with the Joneses" is a catchphrase in many parts of the English-speaking world. Just like "keeping up appearances," it refers to the ___1___ to one's neighbors as a standard for social status or the accumulation of material goods. Generally speaking, the more luxurious people have, the higher their value or social status - or ___2___ they believe. To fail to "keep up with the Joneses" is thus perceived as revealing socioeconomic inferiority or, as the Chinese would put it, a great loss of face.
The ___3___ was popularized when a comic strip of the same name was created by cartoonist Arthur R. "Pop" Momand. The strip was first published in 1916 in the New York World, and ran in American newspapers for 28 years before it was eventually ___4___ into books, films, and musical comedies. The "Joneses" of the title were rich neighbors of the strip's main characters and, interestingly, they were merely ___5___ but never actually seen in person in the comic strip.
(A) reaction (B) attachment (C) similarity (D) comparison
(A) still (B) so (C) yet (D) even
(A) phrase (B) signal (C) material (D) analysis
(A) adapted (B) admitted (C) advanced (D) advised
(A) checked out (B) watched over (C) spoken of (D) traded with
N.
There is a great flood in biblical mythology that takes over the majority of lands and puts the world in a state of ___1___. According to Genesis, Noah survives in an ark, and after the flood, he dispatches many birds to detect whether the water has receded or not. The first bird to be ___2___ is a raven, but it returns without finding any dry soil to land on. On the 301st day of the great flood, Noah sends out ___3___ bird, this time a dove, to spy again. The dove comes back in the evening with a plucked-off olive leaf in its mouth, and Noah knows the water has abated from the earth.
The presence of an olive leaf can indicate the end of a natural ___4___ because olive trees are very hard. Although the foliage of olive trees cannot survive the flood, the branches are able to withstand extreme conditions. When the flood has receded enough for the leaves to re-grow on the branches, it ushers in a sign of safety. In the Christian world, the olive branch comes to symbolize peace and the end of troubles, as it is perceived by Noah on the ark. At ___5___ moments, people can keep their faith in God by looking forward to the appearance of an olive branch. When it comes, spring will not be far away.
(A) muddy mess (B) high alert (C) watery chaos (D) ultimate success
(A) in the long run (B) by his side (C) at a distance (D) on the lookout
(A) other (B) others (C) the other (D) another
(A) habitat (B) disaster (C) resource (D) heritage
(A) tough (B) historic (C) precise (D) favorable
O.
Many people at some point in life have white spots on their fingernails. One of the most common causes for these little white spots is a condition called leukonychia. Although the name sounds pretty serious, the condition typically ___1___. And while many people think the white spots are caused by a calcium or zinc deficiency, that's generally not the case.
In reality, these spots most often develop ___2___ mild to moderate trauma to your ail. If you can't think of anything that would have injured your nail, consider the fact that nails grow very slowly, so the injury ___3___ weeks before the spots ever appeared. The spots could also be a sign of a mild infection or allergy, or a side effect of certain medications.
___4___ the source of the injury, these spots typically do not require any treatment and should go away as your nail grows out. And they should not return unless you suffer another injury to a nail. However, this generally ___5___ when only a single or a few nails are affected. If all of your nails are showing white spots, the leukonychia could be related to another more serious condition such as anemia, cardiac disease, diabetes, or kidney disease.
(A) isn't (B) doesn't (C) couldn't (D) wouldn't
(A) in spite of (B) as a result of (C) to the best of (D) for the sake of
(A) might occur (B) would occur (C) will have occurred (D) may have occurred
(A) Supposing (B) Including (C) Whatever (D) Whether
(A) indicates (B) defines (C) applies (D) confirms
P.
In Southeast Asia, there is a fruit that drives Western tourists away but attracts local residents. The durian is widely known in Southeast Asia as the king of fruits. It is ___1___ in its large size, unique odor, and hard outer shell. Typically ___2___ one to three kilograms, the fruit can grow up to 30 centimeters long and 15 centimeters in diameter.
The flesh of the fruit gives out a strong odor that can be smelled even when the fruit is meters away. Some people think the durian smells good; ___3___ believe that the scent is hard to bear. In some hotels or public transportation in Southeast Asia, durians are not allowed ___4___ indoors because of the odors.
The durian, native to Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia, has been known to the Western world for about 600 years. The 19th-century British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace vividly described its ___5___ as "a rich custard highly flavored with almonds." The fruit can be used to flavor a wide variety of dishes in Southeast Asian cuisines. Its seeds can also be eaten when cooked.
(A) distinctive (B) instinctive (C) expressive (D) oppressive
(A) weigh (B) weighing (C) weighed (D) to weigh
(A) other (B) the other (C) others (D) the others
(A) carrying (B) to carry (C) being carried (D) to be carried
(A) crash (B) crush (C) flash (D) flesh
Q.
Teenagers nowadays suffer from a lack of sufficient sleep. ___1___ keep awake, many teens start drinking large amounts of coffee or soft drinks, skipping sleep ___2___ their loss. Under peer pressure, some teens even start using heavier drugs such as amphetamine or ecstasy, ___3___ side effects are too serious to ignore. It is imperative that everyone ___4___ enough sleep. Teenagers, however, are deprived ___2___ sleep because they are caught between childhood and adulthood. Biologically, their body clocks are changing. Intellectually, they are expected to ___5___ others by learning more and finishing more out-of-class assignments. It's ___5___ that they end up sleeping less.
(A) So as to (B) With a view to (C) In order to (D) In addition to
(A) to; from (B) as; off (C) to; of (D) for; against
(A) where (B) which (C) that (D) whose
(A) have (B) had (C) having (D) to have
(A) fetch; dreadful (B) overtake; inevitable (C) spark; disgusting (D) monitor; persuasive
R.
Most of us have seen guide dogs around. These dogs are ones ___1___ have been specially trained to guide blind people. Of course, it is ___2___ easy to become a guide dog; many months of training are needed to complete the process. First, when a dog is around eight weeks old, a puppy raiser will come ___3___ it. This person cares for the puppy by making sure that it grows up healthy, ___4___ commands, and develops social skills. Puppy raisers therefore spend considerable time engaged in such tasks ___5___ making sure their dogs have a healthy diet and giving them lots of love to make them trust humans. Next, at around 14 months of age, ___6___ dogs are enrolled in formal training at guide dog center, ___7___ they are trained for a few months. They learn basic guidance skills like how to ___3___ danger and avoid obstacles. Finally, the dogs move on to local mobility teams ___7___ work with them for around three months. During this period, the dogs ___8___ real-life situations where they must apply the skills they have learned. ___9___ a dog has completed these stages, it is matches with an owner. The owner is one whose needs the dog can meet and whose burdens the dog can help ___10___.
(A) that (B) whom (C) what (D) where
Choose the WRONG one. (A) far from (B) in no way (C) by no means (D) in the least
(A) pedal; digest (B) input; lighten (C) hook; monitor (D) fetch; detect
(A) attaches to (B) prior to (C) conforms to (D) available to
(A) like (B) by (C) as (D) since
(A) selecting (B) selects (C) to select (D) selected
(A) where; whose (B) where; , which (C)which; whom (D) which; , that
(A) are immune to (B) are exposed to (C) are hooked on (D) are faithful to
(A) Though (B) Unless (C) Once (D) Whether
Choose the WRONG one. (A) lighten (B) ease (C) relieve (D) illuminate
S.
Mixing plant species is how we've gotten papayas ___1___ viruses, corn plants that survive drought, soybeans that stand up to weed killer, potatoes that don't bruise, and crops ___2___ and cost less. That's good news for our food supply and the business of farming. But people worry about pollen and seeds from genetically engineered plants spreading beyond the fields where they were planted. Or what ___2___ harmful outcomes could we have if genetically modified animals mate with non-modified or wild ones? We got ruby red grapefruits through natural mutation, yet "___3___ are questioning the safety of all the random genetic changes that went into their development," says Kevin Klatt, a PhD student in the molecular nutrition program at Cornell University. What seems to ___4___ fear among people is when those changes happen deliberately in a lab. Worse still, ___5___ you can't catch a disease or get a virus from a plant, every now and then one makes its way from animals to humans, like swine flu and bird flu. Because animal viruses may be used in genetic engineering, some people worry they may ___4___ diseases simply because of eating meat produced this way.
(A) revenging on (B) watching out for (C) immune to (D) clashing with
(A) fertile; potentially (B) pregnant; apparently (C) prosperous; sorrowfully (D) preferable; fluently
(A) plenty (B) little (C) quite a few (D) few
(A) reject; suffer (B) spark; contrast (C) converse; catch (D) arouse; infect
(A) because (B) now that (C) given that (D) while
T.
When one thinks of a Pacific Island, the first images they ___1___ are probably white sandy beaches, palm trees, and bikinis. This is certainly what ___1___ in mind. But northeast of Hawaii there is a different sort of island that they would prefer does not immediately enter your imagination, for this is a floating island of plastic bottles, bags, cans, and other garbage. ___2___, it continues to grow year on year. This is ___3___ is referred to as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, one of three such patches ___3___ currently exist. The patch began forming in 1950 but ___4___ in recent years. Weighing more than 80,000 tons and containing more than 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic, one half the patch is composed of material from the fishing industry: lines, nets, and ropes ___5___ the other half - and the part that is growing by leaps and bounds - is a result of our modern throwaway society.
Choose the WRONG one. (A) conceive of; prevails (B) think of; appears (C) come across; surfaces (D) occur to; haunts
(A) What's worse (B) Except for that (C) For one thing (D) For the reason
(A) what; where (B) what; that (C) where; which (D) where; what
(A) had exploded (B) has been exploded (C) has exploded (D) is being exploded
Choose the RIGHT ONES. (A) ; however, (B) ; nevertheless, (C) while (D) whereas
U.
___1___ the fact that plastic bags take 20 years to decompose, cans 200 years, bottles 450 years, and fishing line up to 600 years, it is believed that 60% of all seabirds, whales, and turtles have already been seriously ___2___. Scientists predict that without heavy penalty ___2___, by 2050 the weight of the plastic garbage in the oceans will weigh more than that of the fish ___3___ them. Despite the ongoing efforts of the recycling movement and other green organizations, people nowadays are ___4___ to stop producing more garbage - both recyclable and non-recyclable - than collection centers can process. While it seems that our cities have become cleaner and less polluted places for people to reside in, it is just different, less noticeable locations ___5___ the same problem has turned to.
(A) To consider (B) Compared to (C) Judged from (D) Given
(A) polluted; bleached (B) contaminated; altered (C) threatened; imposed (D) affected; insured
(A) inhabit (B) inhabiting (C) inhabited (D) to inhabit
(A) unlikely (B) impossible (C) able (D) capable
(A) what (B) , which (C) X (D) that
V.
What killed about one-third of the world's population? The answer is the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. The 1918 flu is the deadliest in history, causing ___1___ 20 to 50 million deaths. First ___2___ in Europe, the US, and parts of Asia, then it quickly infected people around the world. ___2___ vaccines and effective drugs, citizens were ordered to wear masks and public places were shut. Officials advised people ___3___ shaking hands and to stay indoors. Even so, bodies were still piling up before the pandemic came to an end.
The flu had quite serious impacts on society. It ___4___ many families. Basic services like garbage collection and ail delivery stopped because there were too many ___5___ workers. In some places there were even not enough farm workers to harvest crops. The global economy almost collapsed. The flu ended by the summer of 1919 since those who were infected ___6___ died ___6___ developed immunity. However, ___7___, almost 90 years later. Researchers announced that a group of three genes ___8___ the virus to weaken a victim's lungs and clear the way for bacterial pneumonia. There have been several other pandemics since 1918 but none caused so much damage. The Spanish flu is also called the "forgotten pandemic" because it broke out during World War I and was covered up by news ___9___ and poor record-keeping. It is the modern day pandemics ___10___ bring renewed interest in it.
Choose the WRONG one. (A) some (B) about (C) or so (D) roughly
(A) spread; Without (B) spreading; Under (C) to spread; With (D) spreaded; For
(A) should avoid (B) to avoid (C) avoid (D) avoiding
Choose the WRONG one. (A) exterminated (B) wiped out (C) eliminated (D) extincted
(A) flu-stricken (B) flu-striking (C) stricken-flu (D) striking-flu
(A) not only; but also (B) both; and (C) neither; nor (D) either; or
Choose the WRONG one. (A) it was not until 2008 that the cause of the flu was discovered (B) the cause of the fatal flu was not discovered until 2008 (C) not until 2008 was the cause of the flu discovered (D) the cause of the fatal flu was discovered until 2008
(A) made (B) enabled (C) had (D) suggested
(A) distinction (B) outbreaks (C) blackouts (D) penalty
(A) what (B) , which (C) when (D) that
W.
It can be hard to convince people that trying to protect our Earth really works. They may sometimes doubt they can do much to slow down the harm ___1___ to our planet. But now, there is very clear proof ___2___ changing our behavior makes a huge difference.
Between 10 and 40 kilometers above the earth ___3___ a layer of gas called the ozone layer, ___3___ the planet. This ___4___, ozone, is extremely important as it protects humans from dangerous rays from the sun. People were shocked when scientists in the 1980s discovered a large hole inside the ozone layer, a hole which has been growing each year for some time.
Later on, in 2018, a study found proof that the ozone layer was getting smaller. ___5___ is the protective covering ___5___ the planet healing itself? The reason is ___6___ in 1987, world leaders banned the use of certain chemicals in products that damage the ozone layer. In the last 20 years, the ozone layer has been increasing ___7___ on to three percent each decade.
The improved condition of the ozone layer is ___8___ good news for all of us. It also proves that we must take the ___9___ actions. Only then ___10___ save the world.
(A) being done (B) been done (C) causing (D) be caused
(A) which (B) how (C) what (D) that
(A) locates; surrounding (B) lies; which surrounds (C) stands; surrounded (D) is; that surround
(A) notion (B) priority (C) substance (D) issue
(A) How; surrounded (B) What; to surround (C) Why; surrounding (D) Where; surrounds
(A) because (B) that (C) when (D) since
(A) by (B) as (C) with (D) at
(A) exclusively (B) occasionally (C) indirectly (D) apparently
(A) liberal (B) naive (C) proper (D) extensive
(A) we can help (B) can we help (C) so as to help (D) that we should help
X.
Drinking tea is a Taiwanese pastime that verges on obsession. For breakfast, lunch, and dinner there's ___1___ tea to perfectly complement any food and suit any palate. But when it comes to an afternoon drink or something to ___2___ on while wandering through the local night market, nothing beats a pearl mile tea, Taiwan's "official" drink.
Milk tea has many different forms and different origins. But ___3___, most of the traditional milk tea originated from the ___4___ of British afternoon tea in Asia. Certain countries have their own traditional ___4___ of these recipes. Hong Kong, Thailand, and India, ___5___, all have their own ___5___ on the beverage.
Hong Kong milk tea is a beverage with a creamy and smooth ___6___, made with a combination of water, black tea leaves. The addition of sweet ___7___ milk gives the tea its ___7___, rich taste. Another former British colony that has its own ___8___ milk tea is India. Masala chai is a flavored tea beverage sold all over India by vendors, each of ___9___ uses their own unique blend of spices. A similarly spiced tea is Thailand's cha yen. Though the origin of Thai milk tea is uncertain, many Thai people ___10___ the invention to one of their leaders, Field Marshal Pibulsongkram.
Choose the WRONG one. (A) a variety of (B) a great number of (C) plenty of (D) a large quantity of
(A) sip (B) crack (C) bite (D) rip
(A) overall (B) in short (C) that is (D) contrarily
(A) extension; trends (B) proportion; strains (C) variation; versions (D) representation; shoves
(A) and so on; addition (B) to name a few; take (C) on the same page; ratio (D) as always; treatment
(A) fabric (B) prospect (C) interpretation (D) texture
(A) privileged; unique (B) fresh; universal (C) intensive; unusual (D) condensed; distinctive
(A) signature (B) shabby (C) external (D) contemporary
(A) them (B) those (C) whom (D) that
(A) distribute (B) contribute (C) attribute (D) retribute
Y.
My family has a custom that we follow every Christmas. My husband Mike always preferred me not to buy Christmas presents for him. So one year, I decided ___1___ a kind act for him instead. Mike loved sports, and he enjoyed working as a sports coach at a school. He suddenly became sad one day when he noticed that the team our son Kevin ___2___ was ___2___ proper gear. Secretly, I had some brand new sports ___3___ delivered to the kids as a gift that Christmas, and I explained this in a note and put it into an envelope. Mike was extremely happy when he read the note on Christmas Day, and we ___4___ this tradition ever since. Unfortunately, Mike ___5___ last year from an illness, but my children and I have kept his spirit alive by gifting each other with these kinds of envelopes this year.
(A) to persist (B) to perform (C) doing (D) acting on
(A) playing against; too poor to afford (B) play with; so poor to afford (C) to play; so poor that they can't afford (D) played for; such poor kids as to
(A) convenience (B) equipment (C) appliance (D) facility
(A) have continued (B) continuing (C) continued (D) continue
Choose the WRONG one. (A) deceased (B) departed (C) passed out (D) passed away
Z.
The Lord of the Flies, a classic of English fiction, tells of a group of schoolboys ___1___ a plane crash and ___1___ on a ___2___ island in the Pacific. The book ___3___ disturbing conclusions about human nature, suggesting that people, ___4___ to deal with difficult problems, will act selfishly instead of caring about the welfare of the group. However, a true story of ___4___ boys from 1966 that recently ___5___ has proven that humans aren't as dark as Golding had imagined.
(A) survive; stranded (B) surviving; stranding (C) survived; stranded (D) who survive; become stranded
Choose the WRONG one. (A) desert (B) remote (C) faraway (D) stray
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) comes to (B) arrives at (C) reaches (D) draws
(A) leaving; outcast (B) when left; castaway (C) when leaving; getaway (D) to leave; downcast
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) broke the news (B) hit the headlines (C) turned the spotlight on (D) made the news
AA.
One can never be too ___1___ about festivals, for the motive behind each celebration of them is more than just for fun. For example, every year during the Dragon Boat Festival, there's a special custom ___2___ my family clings. This involves having homemade rice dumplings ___3___ to families whose living conditions ___4___. In the days leading up to the annual holiday, my grandparents will demand that all the ingredients for the rice dumplings ___3___. During this period, rarely ___5___ late from school, for I just cannot wait to help them wrap the rice dumplings in bamboo leaves. ___6___, I don't just enjoy spending time with my grandparents, who teach me ___7___; I also use this ___8___ an excuse to escape from ___1___ chores, my homework, housework, to name a few. I know that if I am busy helping to make the rice dumplings, ___9___ them carefully one by one, then my parents will forget to condemn me ___8___ doing nothing else. And by the time they figure out my plan, I ___10___ days without being plagued by disturbing work. However, ___11___ my quick wits, such days of ease can only go on for a few days. Before we know it, the Dragon Boat Festival will suddenly be upon us ___2___ means, in ___12___ time, we will be ready to give away hundreds of homemade rice dumplings, and days working around the clock are to ___12___ for weeks. Still, I always look forward to ___13___ with my grandpa on his motorcycle ___13___ the rice dumplings to a charity. In the future, I definitely plan to ___14___ this special family tradition. By doing this good deed every year, my grandparents have shown me human nature ___15___ and taught me the value of treating others with kindness.
(A) passionate; peculiar (B) consistent; certain (C) enthusiastic; particular (D) corresponding; some
(A) what; that (B) that; what (C) where; , which (D) to which; it
(A) send; prepared (B) sent; be prepared (C) to send; being prepared (D) sending; having prepared
(A) were preached on (B) were inquired about (C) left much to be desired (D) were led astray
(A) do I go home (B) I go home (C) I am going home (D) go I home
(A) Eventually (B) In fact (C) However (D) On the one hand
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) how should I wrap the rice dumplings (B) in what way should the rice dumplings be wrapped (C) how to wrap the rice dumplings (D) what to wrap the rice dumplings
(A) as; by (B) with; for (C) with; by (D) as; for
(A) wrapped (B) wraps (C) wrapping (D) wrap
(A) will have enjoyed (B) had had enjoyed (C) have been enjoying (D) will be enjoying
Choose the WRONG one. (A) for all (B) in spite of (C) regardless of (D) even though
(A) corresponding; insist (B) vague; consist (C) reverse; resist (D) due; persist
(A) riding; by taking (B) ride; taking (C) riding; to take (D) ride; so as to take
(A) keep up (B) give up (C) end up (D) light up
(A) at my fingertips (B) at its best (C) in pairs (D) out of nowhere
AB.
It was one of the greatest examples of sportsmanship ever seen. In the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, the crowd saw the American track-and-field athlete Jesse Owens ___1___ on his first two long jumps in the afternoon competition. This was especially surprising as Owens held the world record in this event. If his third jump was not better, he would fail to qualify for the finals. ___2___, an opponent, Luz Long, did something quite unexpected. Long, from Germany, ___2___ winning the gold in front of his home crowd. He ___4___ a win, but he wanted to beat Owens at his best. There were no rules to stop him from helping an opponent, so he walked up to Owens and gave him some advice on his ___5___ to the jump. Owens' next jump was a success, and he went on to win the gold medal. Long, who helped Owens achieve victory, took silver, but also won a deep friendship with the American ___5___.
(A) fell short (B) falls short (C) fallen short (D) fall short
(A) From then on (B) At this point (C) The moment (D) To some degree
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) had his heart set on (B) carried him through (C) set his heart on (D) pave his way for
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) was hungry for (B) was dying for (C) desired for (D) had a thirst for
(A) way; sportsmanship (B) method; patron (C) means; referee (D) approach; legend
AC.
___1___ the high cost of the plane tickets, the in-flight food provided doesn't seem to be worth the value. To have this nearly universal issue ___2___, airlines have researched extensively and obtained some useful results. At the heart of the problem ___3___ the altering of senses that occurs during a flight. Inside a pressurized cabin, one can notice the level of humidity ___4___ to below desert levels. With a(n) ___2___ change in the level of moisture in our nasal and oral mucous membranes, we perceive tastes differently. Airline research indicates the two tastes whose flavors are ___5___ to a certain extent by the cabin environment are sweetness and saltiness. Accordingly, airline chefs add more sweet and salty condiments to compensate. Researchers also find that the loss of normal sensations of taste and smell can be reduced ___6___ passengers wear headphones tuned to white noise. Hopefully, one day, dining in the air will be ___7___ it is on the ground, if not more fun.
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) For all (B) Regardless of (C) Despite (D) In spite of
(A) addressed; normal (B) solved; sole (C) settled; corresponding (D) dealt with; utter
(A) has (B) makes (C) affects (D) lies
(A) drop (B) to drop (C) drops (D) dropped
(A) compared (B) compromised (C) distinguished (D) indicated
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) on condition that (B) as long as (C) provided that (D) for fear that
(A) as an enjoyable experience as (B) a more than enjoyable experience than (C) as enjoyable an experience as (D) more an enjoyable experience than
AD.
To ___1___ courage and faith, there's no better candidate than Bethany Hamilton, an American professional surfer whose experience has inspired people ___1___. On October 31, 2003, when she was out surfing with her family and friends, she was attacked by a fourteen-foot-long tiger shark, ___2___ her left arm ___2___ from her shoulder. Her friends paddled her back to shore, ___3___ she was rushed to Wilcox Memorial Hospital. By the time she arrived there, she ___4___ over sixty percent of her blood and was going into shock. Amazingly, within three to four weeks of the shark attack, Hamilton was seen ___5___ back in the water surfing. In the beginning, ___6___ such a severe injury, she had to count on a custom surfboard longer and slightly thicker than standard for easier paddling, and a handle for her right arm. After going through many trials, on January 10, 2004, she ___7___ to her first major competition. Since the attack, she has appeared on many TV shows. In 2004, she also went on to write a book about her experience, and her ___6___ tale serves as an inspiration to many, assuring them that under no condition ___8___.
(A) confess; dramatically (B) contemplate; exceptionally (C) utter; considerably (D) illustrate; substantially
(A) making; disconnect (B) enabling; to disconnect (C) leaving; disconnected (D) with; having disconnected
(A) where (B) which (C) despite that (D) even though
(A) was losing (B) has lost (C) would have lost (D) had lost
(A) go (B) going (C) went (D) gone
(A) sustaining; compelling (B) suffering from; emotional (C) plagued by; dedicated (D) disturbed by; tempting
(A) took off (B) ushered in (C) rose to her feet (D) made her way
(A) hardship will outweigh courage (B) courage will not yield to hardship (C) will hardship prevail over courage (D) any hardship beats courage
AE.
Millionaires often make strange requests. They believe they can get anything they want. So,when one millionaire made the proposal that I ___1___ a traffic jam, it didn't really surprise me, although it did ___1___ my curiosity as to what the motive behind the plan was. Of course, it sounded like a waste of everyone's time and his money, but it was ___2___. I thus started planning how to block the three roads leading to the theater, with two of ___3___ being the main ones. Getting a wagon and a few cab drivers to help wasn't hard. ___3___ was finding a policeman willing to assist that was a bit tricky. In the end, however, everyone has their price, and everything was arranged. As planned, never did the two make it to the show. ___4___ for a whole hour, my mission was accomplished. The next day, I took a taxi myself to the crazy old rich guy's house. I wanted to collect the money I ___5___ organizing the delay. It was quite a large amount but he just joked about a little fat boy shooting arrows. Like I said, more money than sense!
(A) create; arouse (B) created; arouse (C) had created; raise (D) creating; raise
(A) how he had a thirst for (B) what he desired (C) which he was hungry for (D) what he was eager to
(A) them; It (B) which; What (C) those; There (D) what; Where
(A) Their cab got stuck (B) For their cab to get stuck (C) Their cab getting stuck (D) With their cab got stuck
(A) spent (B) spending (C) has spent (D) had spent
AF.
Should you choose love or money? In India, ___1___ arranged marriages are common, people there often doubt ___2___ true love ___2___ exist. One woman recently wrote to a magazine to share that she ___3___ to accept an arranged marriage for money. She wanted her life to be filled with travel and excitement, and believed her rich arranged husband would provide ___4___ for her. And at first, that's ___4___ what she got. They traveled the world, and had fun. However, when they ___5___ into married life at home, things changed. After just a few months, she realized she and the man had very little in common. They either ___6___ talked to each other or fought. But because theirs was an arranged marriage, there really wasn't any way out. To this day, over fifteen years after tying the knot, she said she regrets ___7___ money ___7___ love.
(A) which (B) what (C) when (D) where
(A) if; does (B) that; should (C) whether; X (D) how; has
(A) has chosen (B) had chosen (C) chose (D) chooses
(A) that; exactly (B) it; relatively (C) those; barely (D) one; respectively
(A) set out (B) settled down (C) took up (D) hooked on
(A) roughly (B) nearly (C) hardly (D) enthusiastically
(A) choosing; over (B) to choose; to (C) having chosen; from (D) to choose; for
AG.
The killing of our wild animals, whether for food or for love of hunting, has reduced their numbers greatly. The few ___1___ buffaloes, which used to be part of herds roaming across the western plains in great numbers, are now ___1___ chiefly in zoos and national parks. In the forest, the graceful deer have also been cruelly hunted. Lovers of these wild creatures discovered that ___2___ something was done soon, these animals would disappear. Accordingly, many steps were ___3___ to save wildlife. First, national parks, where the wild animals could not be hunted, were established. Then, fees were charged ___4___ hunting licenses. As a third ___4___, certain hunting seasons were ___5___ effect, and ___6___ certain months of the year could these animals be hunted. A final method was to limit the number of animals that could be killed at one time. People who offended the law deserved ___6___ severely.
(A) remained; finding (B) existed; to find (C) remaining; to be found (D) existing; founded
(A) if (B) unless (C) though (D) when
(A) made (B) caused (C) taken (D) done
(A) for; means (B) by; methods (C) with; approaches (D) of; ways
(A) brought about (B) brought into (C) led to (D) resulted from
(A) within; being punished (B) at the point of; to punish (C) until; punished (D) only during; to be punished
AH.
Sugary drinks, candy, baked goods, and sweetened dairy are the main sources of added sugar. But even savory foods, like breads, tomato sauce, and protein bars, can have sugar, making it all too easy to ___1___ a surplus of the sweet stuff. To complicate it further, added sugars can be hard to spot on nutrition labels since they can be listed under a number of names, such as corn syrup, agave nectar, palm sugar, cane juice, or sucrose. ___2___ it's called, sugar is sugar, and in excess, it can ___2___ affect your body in many ways .Here's a closer look at how sugar can mess with your health.
Your Mood: The occasional candy or cookie can give you a quick burst of energy (or "sugar high") ___3___ your blood sugar levels fast. When your levels drop as your cells absorb the sugar, you may feel jittery and anxious (a.k.a. the dreaded "sugar crash"). But if you're reaching into the candy jar too often, sugar starts to have an effect on your mood beyond that 3 p.m. slump: Studies have ___3___ a high sugar intake to a greater risk of depression in adults.
Your Teeth: You probably rolled your eyes at age 12, but your mother was right, candy can ___4___ your teeth. Bacteria that cause cavities love to eat sugar lingering in your mouth after you eat something sweet.
Your Skin: We'll get wrinkles someday, but a high-sugar diet is thought ___5___ the aging process. Sugar reacts with proteins in our body to form free ___6___, which damage other proteins that help keep the skin looking youthful.
Your Liver: An abundance of added sugar likely contains fructose or high fructose corn syrup. Fructose is processed in the liver and in large amounts can damage the liver. When fructose is broken down in the liver, it is ___7___ fat.
(A) come up with (B) put up with (C) keep up with (D) end up with
(A) No matter what; negatively (B) Whether; potentially (C) However; likely (D) Whatever; randomly
(A) to lift; associated (B) by raising; linked (C) for rising; related (D) arousing; connected
(A) stagger (B) assault (C) rot (D) shudder
(A) speeding up (B) to accelerate (C) to zoom (D) hastening
(A)radicals (B) grease (C) clans (D) blasts
Choose the WRONG ONE. (A) transformed into (B) converted to (C) deformed to (D) turned into
AI.
Amber is a hard, yellowish-brown substance that lasts for centuries. Valued ___1___ it is now, it was originally used to describe a hardened waxy substance found within the intestines of sperm whales called ambergris. ___2___, but for amber, which was also ___3___ by people as a healing agent in folk medicine in the past, we would not have many of the world's important insect remains. The word "amber" is ___4___ the Middle Persian word "ambar." Long ago, amber was not as hard as it is today. It started out ___5___ resin secreted to heal a wound of an ancient tree. The resin made a sticky, protective barrier ___5___ fungus. When the tree eventually fell and began to ___6___, the sap remained and the insects were often seen ___7___ in the soft resin. The bugs caught in the sticky amber died but were forever ___8___. After many years, the imprints of their bodies ___9___ in the hardened resin. Those imprints of creatures and plants that once lived are called fossils, ___10___ scientists refer for more information about life on earth in the past.
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) since (B) as (C) though (D) although
(A) However (B) In fact (C) As a result (D) Namely
(A) vibrated (B) nominated (C) devised (D) blazed
(A) derived from (B) coming across (C) dropped by (D) rattling on
(A) from; for (B) as; for (C) from; against (D) as; against
(A) decay (B) alienate (C) stoop (D) quack
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) having trapped (B) getting trapped (C) to get trapped (D) to have trapped
(A) conserved (B) deserved (C) reserved (D) preserved
(A) maintained fix (B) attained fixing (C) contained to fix (D) remained fixed
(A) what (B) to which (C) where (D) which
AJ.
Born and raised in Taiwan, dancer Sheu Fang-Yi is a sight to behold on the global stage. ___1___ was her passion for dancing that Sheu found her ___2___ in dancing early on. Thus, in spite of strong opposition from her parents, she has been determined and ___2___ to become a dancer. There is never a shortage of dancers blessed with talent. However, a legend ___3___ be worked on. What ___4___ her from others is her very discipline to put in the hard work to further her skills. She follows a diet ___5___, with a nearly religious fervor as well as keeping a vigorous workout routine to stay fit. Sheu has impressed her mentors and peers with her ___6___ dedication to her art from adolescence to adulthood, winning a much ___6___ spot in Martha Graham Dance Company in 1995, one of ___7___ being most respected and celebrated dance companies in the U.S. Although she is outstanding and renowned, she has her share of setbacks like anyone else ___8___ a grand dream or ambition. The dance company she established single-handedly did not work out and the news that she even ___9___ a number of contracts that cost her millions was a(n) ___9___ out of the blue. She, ___10___, takes it upon herself to promote modern dance at home and abroad. We can surely expect to be amazed by more of her productions in the years to come.
(A) Such (B) So (C) That (D) It
(A) profession; inspired (B) profile; expired (C) calling; aspired (D) tournament; conspired
(A) has supposed to (B) has yet to (C) might as well (D) had better
(A) delegates (B) revolves (C) hurls (D) distinguishes
(A) at a loss (B) in meditation (C) to the letter (D) at large
(A) controversial; much-desired (B) counterclockwise; much-coveted (C) consistent; sought-after (D) conservative; pined-after
(A) those (B) which (C) what (D) where
(A) in attendance on (B) allergic to (C) in pursuit of (D) scramble for
(A) stalled; chord (B) terminated; bolt (C) pinched; altitude (D) outdid; scent
(A) hence (B) by the way (C) otherwise (D) however
AK.
The documentary He Named Me Malala first aired in American theaters in October 2015. This was almost three years to the day after a brutal attack ___1___ by Taliban terrorists that ___2___ ended Pakistani schoolgirl Malala Yousafzai's life. The film explores the reason ___3___ the shooting and the events in Pakistan stemmed. It also describes Malala, ___4___ the age of fifteen, risked attending school despite threats by Islamic extremists. At the heart of the movies, however, ___5___ the special bond Malala shares ___4___ her father. Ziauddin Yousafzai, himself an education activist, ___6___ resistance ___7___ the notion of gender discrimination and equal rights ___7___ education, always encouraged his daughter to further her studies. He also supported her when she first ___8___ against shortened schooling for girls. American director Davis Guggenheim therefore hopes the documentary will inspire both fathers and daughters ___9___ to treasure and support each other. For her part, Malala is praying "not just for a movie, but a movement." She wants the film to make free secondary education for all children around the globe ___10___. ___11___, that's exactly what it will do!
(A) carried out (B) which carried out (C) to carry out (D) carrying out
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) practically (B) virtually (C) nearly (D) almost
(A) where (B) what (C) from which (D) why
(A) in; to (B) at; with (C) on; for (D) by; between
(A) lying (B) lays (C) laid (D) lies
(A) calling for (B) going according to (C) hanging out (D) blowing up
(A) against; to (B) to; for (C) against; for (D) to; to
(A) took away (B) blew up (C) lodged in (D) spoke out
(A) likely (B) like (C) alike (D) unlike
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) really (B) real (C) a reality (D) to become real
(A) In other words (B) Jointly (C) Not to mention (D) Hopefully
AL.
No one in the right state of mind believes it's ___1___ to bang this little insect to death with his or her fist, unlike what he or she may do heartlessly to a mosquito or a fly. Once this little creature ___2___ someone, buzzing nearby, ___3___ for feeling annoyed he or she may be, he or she can only try to shoo it away gently. Can you guess what this little insect is? Probably because bees are trusted with one of the most crucial tasks in ___4___ the world, they are equipped with a little stinger and venom to protect them from the cruelty of the most vicious species on Earth - human beings. However, ___5___ the weapon they were born with, bees are dying. All over the world, from America to Europe, even in Taiwan, ___6___ over the past twenty years, a fact disturbing all of us. Without bees, the best pollinators in nature, crops bloom but end up bearing no fruit, ___7___ significant economic losses and a greater shortage of food worldwide. The next time you try to chase a stray bee away, wish the little creature luck. After all, ___8___ its contribution, there wouldn't be food on your dining table.
(A) worth to risk (B) worthy of risking (C) worth the risk (D) worthwhile of the risk
(A) comes after (B) gets over (C) holds on to (D) watches out for
(A) to groan (B) groan (C) groaned (D) groaning
(A) detaining (B) maintaining (C) sustaining (D) containing
(A) instead of (B) in spite of (C) owing to (D) in contrast to
(A) bees are seen dead (B) bees are seen to die (C) bees are seen die (D) bees are seen dying
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) leading to (B) giving rise to (C) resulting in (D) responsible for
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) for all (B) but for (C) were it not for (D) had it been for
AM.
Ok, admit that: your pockets are not ___1___ with your shopping, but with your fat. Still, your busy schedule ___2___ your life, leaving no room for exercise. Don't worry! Exercise doesn't always have to be time-consuming and laborious. Research ___3___ that moderate amounts of exercise - even just 15 minutes a day - helps ease depression (you stop ___1___), enhance self-image (a fit person is never a(n) ___4___ one lounging on the chair ___4___ his mug, doing nothing), relieve stress (you are saying goodbye to what's ___5___ you), and much more. That's right. ___6___ is exercise that makes you happy, and you don't have to be a fitness fanatic to do it. What you need to do is to make "start slow and have fun" a motto to ___7___. Then you'll be well on a ___5___ anticipation to using physical activity as a tool to make you feel better every day. ___8___, the "no pain, no gain" view of exercise is now considered old-fashioned. ___9___, current health studies prove that exercise doesn't have to hurt to be effective. You might insist that a workout is hardly effective ___10___ giving you pain. According to fitness trainers, physically demanding exercises may make you breathe heavily and your muscles may ache temporarily, but by no means should exercise be painful. If it is, it may ___11___ an injury or muscle strain. Many great forms of exercise - like walking, swimming, or gentle stretching, get results without the soreness or discomfort ___12___ some people associate exercise. For the sake of your health, it is high time everyone ___13___ regular exercise a part of their life. Keep in mind that even short periods of low-impact exercise serves as a powerful ___14___ to improve your health. So, ___15___ busy you are, try to make time for exercise every day, like a 15-minute walk with your dog. Your body will thank you in many ways.
(A) exceeding; muting (B) equipped; moaning (C) bulging; whimpering (D) buried; lodging
(A) sets up (B) takes over (C) hangs on (D) breaks down
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) argues (B) maintains (C) resumes (D) retains
(A) troublesome; creaking in (B) unlawful; rivaling with (C) annoyed; nagging at (D) sloppy; fiddling with
(A) plaguing; gleeful (B) weighing; gorgeous (C) forbidding; fluent (D) gnawing; persuasive
(A) What (B) It (C) Such (D) So
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) abide by (B) comply with (C) conform to (D) stick to
(A) By questioning (B) To question (C) Having been questioned (D) Having questioned
(A) As a result (B) For one thing (C) However (D) In fact
(A) without (B) for (C) though (D) as
(A) suggest (B) point (C) ensure (D) preview
(A) by which (B) with which (C) where (D) what
(A) to make (B) makes (C) make (D) made
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) means (B) tools (C) weapon (D) instrument
(A) no matter (B) whatever (C) however (D) how
AN.
The idea ___1___ feeding pigeons in a square at the sunset is itself romantic enough, but if you are caught doing so in Italy, you might be thrown in jail for feeding ___2___ an offense that you don't even know of its existence! Well, to curb the growing pigeon population, the Italian government has made bird feeding illegal throughout Venice, so ___3___ any desperate birdseed sellers still trying to hawk you their illicit pigeon snacks. For a visitor to the Thailand, it's the currency that he's to be careful about, ___4___. Avoid stepping on any Thai currency. If caught, you will be charged for an offence ___5___ the king, not something to be taken lightly in the kingdom ___6___ the kings' images appear on all notes and coins. Anyway, learning about the laws of your travel destination is ___5___ great help in protecting you from fines and potential jail time! Keep in mind that things that seem "normal" or "polite" to you might be considered ___7___ in other countries.
(A) how (B) X (C) which (D) that
(A) fearful of (B) guilty of (C) critical of (D) speaking ill of
(A) call out (B) take notice (C) watch out for (D) beware of
(A) though (B) as well (C) either (D) neither
(A) for; with (B) for; off (C) against; of (D) against; with
(A) that (B) , which (C) , where (D) there
(A) likewise (B) otherwise (C) unfamiliar (D) differently
AO.
In spite of modernization and the increasing role of women in all walks of life, ___1___ some gender-biased practices still persist somewhere in the world, one of ___2___ is the practice of the dowry in India. The dowry system, money or property brought by a bride to her husband at marriage, ___3___ centuries ago with the intention of providing security for a girl ___4___ difficulties and unexpected circumstances after marriage arise. For this purpose, the parents gave their daughter whatever they could afford, which ___5___ went to the groom's family. By the beginning of the 21st century, however, the custom ___6___ to a point whereby the groom and his family had become very greedy. When demands for dowry are not met, the bride is ___7___ torture, and often even killed. The more educated a man is, the ___8___ is the expectation for dowry at the time of marriage. It is thus recommend that a highly educated girl ___9___ larger dowries because she usually marries a more educated man.
(A) on the books are (B) all in all (C) roughly speaking (D) chances are
(A) them (B) what (C) which (D) those
(A) must have started (B) had better start (C) might as well start (D) had started
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) should (B) if only (C) on condition that (D) provided that
(A) first and foremost (B) in short (C) not to mention (D) in turn
(A) must have deteriorated (B) had deteriorated (C) were deteriorated (D) would be deteriorating
(A) aware of (B) alert to (C) furious with (D) subject to
(A) lower (B) better (C) higher (D) worse
(A) have (B) has (C) to have (D) with
AP.
The megamouth shark swims in deep waters and is rarely seen by humans. In fact, not until in 1976 ___1___ this shark first discovered. When it opens its giant mouth, it looks like a tunnel ___2___ every fish ___2___ to swim through it. Only 226 megamouth sharks have been recorded in the world, most of ___3___, amazingly, swimming to waters off eastern Taiwan every year. ___4___, Taiwanese fishing boats have been dangerous to the sharks. Every year, megamouth sharks get caught in fishing nets by accident. Between 2013 and mid-2020, 139 of these rare creatures were seen ___5___ their fins desperately in the nets, caught. Laws during that time entitled people ___6___ the sharks, after which they sold the sharks. Environmental groups and scientists found the situation hard to ___7___ anymore, but all they could do was ___8___ the Taiwanese government to take more protective measures for the conservation of the sharks. ___9___ the request, in late 2020, the government stopped the fishing industry from killing the megamouth shark. Any boat that catches one must have it ___10___ back into the sea even if it's dead. Failure to do so could result in a prison sentence or a fine of NT $150,000.
(A) that (B) X (C) was (D) when
(A) caught; trying (B) which catches; tries (C) catching; to try (D) catching; trying
(A) which (B) them (C) what (D) that
(A) However (B) Accordingly (C) For one thing (D) In case
(A) flap (B) flapped (C) flapping (D) having flapped
(A) killing (B) kill (C) to kill (D) by killing
(A) make up with (B) keep up with (C) come up with (D) put up with
(A) by pressuring (B) pressure (C) pressured (D) having pressured
Choose the WRONG one. (A) By responding to (B) Having responded to (C) Responding to (D) To respond to
(A) released (B) release (C) releasing (D) to release
AQ.
Disorders such as Alzheimer's, cardiovascular disease, depression and stroke all ___1___ insufficient sleep. A student sitting for a test with his mind totally blank simply because he tossed and turned the night before would just wish he ___2___ enough sleep the previous night. Luckily, there are many technological devices available to ensure we get enough sleep to wake up ___3___. Thus, ___4___ wearables don't do a perfect job of recording our sleep times, they can present us the data in an easily digestible format - graphs and charts through the companion app, for example. Plus, many offer extra features that can help us chart ___5___ changes in our sleep over time so that we can build up a good picture of how our daily behaviors impact our sleep, and vice versa. And simply being more conscious of the need to get more sleep can encourage better sleep behavior - which can, ___6___, lead to better sleep. Don't get too ___7___ the data from your smartwatch or fitness tracker, ___8___. Dr. Heather Morgan, lecturer in applied health science at the University of Aberdeen, told us that wearables could help us better understand our sleep, and ___9___ analyzing her own sleep had helped her achieve a better sleep pattern. "But," she adds, "use your judgement and know your personality. If you ___10___ anxiety, sleep tracking may not be for you. Trying to perfect your sleep could be one more thing to fixate on, which could, ironically, stop you from sleeping."
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) result from (B) arise from (C) stem from (D) restore from
(A) had (B) were to have (C) had had (D) must have had
(A) feel refreshed (B) feeling refreshing (C) to feel refresh (D) feeling refreshed
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) whereas (B) so long as (C) while (D) as long as
(A) noticed (B) notice (C) noticing (D) to notice
(A) in vain (B) in a word (C) in case (D) in turn
(A) concerning about (B) obsessed with (C) depending on (D) counted on
(A) though (B) as well (C) neither (D) either
(A) X (B) that (C) despite that (D) because
(A) intend to (B) count on (C) are prone to (D) are opposite to
AR.
In the past, people who lacked certain ___1___ were hidden away because people believed they could never ___1___ themselves well to the surroundings. In school, they were separated from "regular" students or were denied any access ___2___ an education at all. However, the late 20th century was the time ___3___ awareness of the rights of such people grew. The public started to change their opinions, ___4___ these students as regular ones who just needed to learn ___2___ a different manner. People recognized that it was better that we included them ___5___ excluded them and ___6___ it was imperative to provide them with the extra care or facilities needed. Thus, the concept of "special needs" emerged. In the United States, research indicates that 18.5% of students, ___7___ age is under 18, have special needs. Luckily, with additional budgets ___8___ by the government, their needs are met. As special needs students get a(n) ___8___ education, they can gradually grow into contributing members of society. Apart from this, other students can learn how to work with them, which ___9___, can help reduce bullying and other forms of poor treatment. All in all, thanks to these measures, special needs students won't ___10___ insufficiencies in the education system, while other students benefit as well. It's a win-win situation.
(A) objectives; adopt (B) merits; adept (C) faculties; adapt (D) commitments; adjust
(A) to; in (B) to; by (C) with; at (D) with; in
(A) which (B) that (C) what (D) when
(A) saw (B) seeing (C) seen (D) sees
(A) along with (B) rather than (C) as well as (D) instead of
(A) X (B) so (C) so that (D) that
(A) their (B) whose (C) which (D) where
(A) composed; universal (B) replaced; elaborate (C) granted; genuine (D) enhanced; stunning
(A) in turn (B) in place (C) in vain (D) in short
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) meet with (B) be faced with (C) suffer from (D) encounter
AS.
The idea ___1___ you don't need to be a good write to be a straight-A student may sound startling, but it's true. All you need to do is ___2___ money ready. This very idea is the root of an issue ___3___ many universities in the UK and the US. In recent years, college students have begun passing on their assignments to academic ghostwriters - specialists in research, essay writing, and structure - ___4___ paid to do their work. The "essay-for-hire" industry has spread rapidly across the developing world, particularly in countries like Ukraine and India ___5___ eloquent English speakers are plentiful and salaries in other jobs are low. Yet, ___6___ seeing it as a way of pulling third-world writers out of poverty, first-world universities are panicking about what it might mean for academic prestige and integrity. "It's a huge problem," commented one ___7___ director at the University of California, San Diego. "Every great university could ___8___ being a diploma mill." Luckily, ___9___ sentence patterns and comparing them with the student's previous assignments, US-based tech company Turnitin released new software that identifies ghostwritten documents. Although this may ___10___ academic ghostwriting, the University of Nottingham's Julia Molinari fears it fails to address the root of the problem.
(A) X (B) which (C) so (D) that
(A) get (B) getting (C) got (D) having got
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) racking (B) plaguing (C) pestering (D) bothering
(A) no matter who (B) whatever (C) whomever (D) whichever
(A) , which (B) , where (C) that (D) what
Choose the WRONG one. (A) rather than (B) instead of (C) apart from (D) far from
Choose the WRONG one. (A) gray-haired (B) French-spoken (C) good-looking (D) sixty-year-old
(A) pass out (B) end up (C) set off (D) drop by
(A) to analyze (B) analyzing (C) by analyzing (D) analyzed
Choose the WRONG one. (A) check (B) restrain (C) curb (D) retain
AT.
The air condition nowadays has ___1___ people speechless. While people living in urban cities are ___2___ air contaminants leading serious health problems, the air you're breathing in your home is likely to be contaminated with pollutants and toxic chemicals. These harmful indoor pollutants ___3___ outdoor-derived compounds like CO2, dust-like particles, and VOCs emitted from furnishings, paint, detergents, and other common household objects. Don't worry! One ___4___ cleaning the air inside is the use of indoor plants. Science, in fact, has ___5___ the purifying power of indoor plants. One study, for example, found that harmful side effects of indoor pollution, such as itchy eyes, asthma, to name a few, were ___6___ reduced by the addition of potted plants in an office building. However, how do plants makes ___7___ the air possible? Well, plants convert carbon dioxide into oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. Root-associated microbes then convert toxins in the air into nutrients ___8___ the plants thrive. Yet, while all plants are capable of riding surroundings ___9___ pollutants to some degree, some are clearly better than others. Plants like Areca Palm and Dracaena are able to remove up to 70% of VOC chemicals in the air ___9___ an interval of twenty-four hours! So, why not give it a try? You can enjoy the simple beauty of house plants with your lungs benefiting from their natural air cleansing function ___10___.
Choose the WRONG one. (A) left (B) made (C) rendered (D) caused
Choose the WRONG one. (A) exposed to (B) inferior to (C) vulnerable to (D) subject to
Choose the WRONG one. (A) comprise (B) are made up of (C) are composed of (D) consist of
(A) sponsor of (B) core of (C) alternative to (D) tribute to
(A) shed light on (B) fitted in (C) wised up (D) marveled at
Choose the WRONG one. (A) significantly (B) considerably (C) substantially (D) marginally
(A) purify (B) to purify (C) purifying (D) purified
(A) which (B) where (C) what (D) on which
(A) of; at (B) off; in (C) of; in (D) off; at
(A) for the time being (B) time and again (C) once in a while (D) in the meantime
AU.
If one ___1___ today, chances are he was invited to sing karaoke the night before. In Taiwan, Karaoke does not mean standing in front of the bar and ___2___ out-of-tune ballads to a drunken audience. Rather, Karaoke is enjoyed in a private room with only close friends ___3___. Usually, friends go in groups, ___4___ rooms ___4___ up to 20 people. ___5___ the much more relaxed atmosphere made possible by only close friends in the room, usually there isn't the fear of singing in front of strangers. ___6___, there is still the need to perform well. Many Taiwanese, in fact, seeing an evening at KTV rooms as such a(n) ___7___ part of their social lives that they practice singing beforehand ___8___ being asked to give a performance. Anyway, good or bad, just ___9___ through the song book for your signature song and sing for ___10___ better day to come.
(A) hears awful (B) sounds hoarse (C) hears like a crow (D) sounds like a nightingale
(A) belting out (B) elaborating on (C) squaring off (D) getting rid of
(A) to present (B) presenting (C) presented (D) present
(A) where; cater (B) by; catering (C) with; catering (D) X; cater
(A) Giving (B) Give (C) To give (D) Given
(A) On the one hand (B) Nevertheless (C) Accordingly (D) In short
(A) terminal (B) martial (C) affectionate (D) significant
(A) in need of (B) in appreciation for (C) in anticipation of (D) in awe of
(A) scroll (B) analyze (C) rotate (D) simmer
(A) the other (B) other (C) another (D) the others
AV.
In Taiwan, Phra Phrom is also known ___1___ the "Four-Faced Awakened One." Small shrines, each ___2___ a golden statue of him, can be found in corners and alleys all over Thailand. One distinctive trait of these shrines is the lack of walls and doors ___3___ is the very reason why he is so close to Thai people's hearts. Some people see similarities between Phra Phrom's place in Thailand and Taiwan's omnipresent shrines to Tudi Gong, the Earth God. However, Phra Phrom is actually ___1___ a much higher echelon, being the Thai ___4___ of the Hindu creator god Brahma. Most statues of Phra Phrom are seated and cross-legged. They have eight arms and four faces, the faces ___5___ love, compassion, joy, and charity. He is positioned to face the four cardinal directions, each responsible for luck in a different area. Going ___6___, the first face oversees work and study; the second, love and romance; ___7___, money, health and family respectively. With regard to the orientation of the faces, there is some debate. Some say the "love" face should look west, while ___7___ say it should face the direction of the most populated area so as to have his blessings ___8___ to as many as possible. Since the first Phra Phrom statue arrived in Taiwan over 30 years ago, the rituals and customs around Phra Phrom have begun to adapt to Taiwanese life. For example, Taiwan's important traditional festivals are timed around the lunar calendar. ___9___ the practice, the 9th day of the 11th lunar month has become the "holy birthday" of Phra Phrom .___10___, the ceremonies are taking on Taiwanese elements.
(A) to; with (B) by; with (C) as; of (D) for; of
(A) contained (B) containing (C) contains (D) to contain
(A) and (B) what (C) that (D) , which
(A) version (B) repay (C) rally (D) conviction
Choose the WRONG one. (A) symbolic of (B) representing (C) representative of (D) symbolize
(A) ultimately (B) clockwise (C) straight (D) approximately
(A) the others; the other (B) others; the other (C) the other two; others (D) another two; others
(A) spread (B) spreading (C) to spread (D) being spread
(A) In keeping with (B) With a view to (C) Because (D) Apart from
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) However (B) Accordingly (C) That is (D) Likewise
AW.
In a densely populated metropolis, the collective output of waste can spell disaster for both the government and the average public. While most household waste either ends up in landfills or burned up, experts in America have ___1___ an alternative that can turn the waste even to our advantage.
As garbage breaks down in landfills, the organic materials release gases such as methane and carbon dioxide, both of ___2___ can be turned to generate enough electricity to meet the needs of common families. Such projects have currently been in place in nearly every state in the U.S. except Alaska and Hawaii. ___3___ is the potential of the landfill gas that it's recognized as an efficient and environmentally-friendly energy source by the American government.
In fact, similar projects are ___4___ worldwide. Countries like Belgium, Norway and Sweden have cooperated with local enterprises in tapping into the often detested landfills for energy and also for extra revenue. However, the idea ___5___ be given much thought in Taiwan. In any case, the project is certainly worth considering in view of our ever-increasing amounts of garbage.
(A) devised (B) endured (C) fetched (D) hastened
(A) them (B) those (C) which (D) what
(A) So (B) Such (C) That (D) It
(A) taking on (B) coming across (C) making up (D) catching on
(A) is supposed to (B) has yet to (C) might as well (D) had better
AX.
Born and raised in Taiwan, dancer Sheu Fang-Yi is a sight to behold on the global stage. Sheu found her calling in dancing early on, and ___1___ strong opposition from her parents, she has been determined and resilient in her aspiration to become a dancer by profession.
There is never a shortage of dancers blessed with talent. What sets Sheu apart from others, however, is her ___2___ to put in the hard work to further her skills. She follows a diet with a nearly religious fervor as well as keeping a rigorous workout routine to stay fit. Sheu has impressed her mentors and peers with her ___3___ dedication to her art from adolescence to adulthood, winning a much-coveted spot in Martha Graham Dance Company in 1995, one of the most respected and celebrated dance companies in the U.S.
Outstanding and renowned ___4___ she is, she has her share of setbacks like anyone else in pursuit of a grand dream or ambition. The dance company she established single-handedly did not work out and she even terminated a number of contracts that cost her millions. ___5___, she takes it upon herself to promote modern dance at home and abroad. We can surely expect to be amazed by more of her productions in the years to come.
(A) instead of (B) owing to (C) in spite of (D) in contrast to
(A) regulation (B) discipline (C) preservation (D) contentment
(A) controversial (B) courageous (C) consistent (D) conservative
(A) as (B) while (C) unless (D) although
(A) Hence (B) Otherwise (C) Namely (D) Still
AY.
The humble-looking piggy bank has a longer history than most of us are aware of. In the Middle Ages before the banks we know came into ___1___, people used to deposit their loose change in kitchen jars made of a kind of clay called pygg. With metal back then ___2___ rare and expensive, clay jars were seen as an economical choice. As the English language evolved, pygg was once pronounced the same as pig, and since pigs were known to roll in pygg mud and dirt, people began to associate, though mistakenly, the pygg jar with pigs. ___3___, in the 19th century, British potters began making pig-shaped piggy banks, accidental yet amusing inventions.
While the "piggy" in piggy bank is a visual pun, the "bank" part actually ___4___ a bench in the very beginning. In the long past, European traders and dealers made transactions in public squares over benches laden with wads of bills and piles of coins, and actually the Italian word for bench is "banco," from which the English word "bank" is ___5___. These days, ancient artifacts of piggy banks are rarely seen, for they must be broken to get the change deposited inside.
(A) existence (B) delivery (C) prevention (D) equipment
(A) being (B) to be (C) having (D) had been
(A) Before long (B) More or less (C) That is to say (D) Sooner or later
(A) dropped by (B) passed down (C) referred to (D) resulted in
(A) attained (B) boasted (C) obtained (D) derived
AZ.
Nudžejma Softić initially received attention for being one of the first women to finish a marathon and triathlon wearing a hijab, a Muslim scarf that covers a woman’s hair and neck. ___1___ up running in 2015, she ran her first half-marathon within 6 months and started training for a triathlon within two years. She was born in Bosnia and Herzegovina just before the start of the Bosnian War and grew up as a(n) ___2___ in Croatia. Now ___3___ working as a proofreader and copy editor for a TV channel, she is also a personal running trainer and motivational speaker. She usually talks about her tough childhood and the ___4___ she has had overcome to compete in sports at a high level. With her fame, she hopes to ___5___ people to walk out of their comfort zone and take their differences as their greatest treasure.
(A) To take (B) Taking (C) Taken (D) Take
(A) soldier (B) investor (C) refugee (D) invader
(A) rather than (B) other than (C) thanks to (D) instead of
(A) obstacle (B) incident (C) fortune (D) technique
(A) secure (B) upset (C) protect (D) encourage
BA.
For Wolf Cukier, the high school senior who discovered a new planet just three days into his internship in NASA, the coolest thing about his discovery is it orbits two stars at the same time. The Star Wars fan found this planet quite similar to Tatooine, ___1___ is the movie protagonist’s hometown and has two sunrises and two sunsets every day. People are ___2___ to visit the planet, though, since it would take over a thousand years to get there even if they ___3___ to have a spacecraft to travel at the speed of light.
___4___ did Cukier discover the new planet? He noticed the dimming of brightness from the stars in the telescope. He took it as ___5___ that something was there. His report led to a series of research that proved its existence.
(A) where (B) what (C) which (D) that
(A) able (B) capable (C) unlikely (D) impossible
(A) are (B) were (C) will (D) would
(A) What (B) How (C) When (D) Where
(A) evidence (B) technology (C) diligence (D) faith
BB.
Newbery Medal is the oldest and most prestigious children’s book award in the US. ___1___ in 1922, it has been given to the author of “the most distinguished contribution.” This year, for the first time, the medal ___2___ a graphic novel, New Kid written by Jerry Craft. The story is about a boy being one of the few children of color at a famous private school known for its academics. ___3___ , he secretly dreamed to go to an art school. It is a story that explores topics ___4___ friendship, race, class, and bullying in a fresh and often humorous manner. Craft said he hoped the win would show that stories ___5___ African American characters who have support from family and friends can also succeed. The win of New Kid is believed to reflect changing attitudes about the literary values of graphic novels.
(A) Found (B) Founded (C) To be founded (D) Founding
(A) went to (B) referred to (C) opted for (D) headed for
(A) What’s worse (B) What’s more (C) For one thing (D) For the reason
(A) other than (B) that is (C) owing to (D) such as
(A) comparing (B) approaching (C) exchanging (D) featuring
BC.
In most languages, the word "cancer" probably refers to a diagnosis. In Dutch; however, it is more likely to be an insult, as ___1___ from the word Kankerlijer ("cancer-sufferer"). Generally, dirty words are based on social taboos. They are, in most cultures, related to sex, excrement or religion, and ___2___. Nevertheless, they often feel weaker than the ___3___ ones. Scholars are not sure why. One theory links it to Calvinism, which holds that the virtue of good people will show itself in material abundance, health and hygiene. "There was a shift in focus from the afterlife to this life ___4___, for example, diminished the strength of 'God damn it'," says a Dutch linguist Marten van der Meulen. In this theory, "a curse might be stronger if you used something in actual life, like a disease." However, such theory is the so-called frequency hypothesis: the Dutch may curse with diseases simply because it ___5___. Perhaps someday Dutch kids will call each other names with cries of "coronalijer" (coronavirus-sufferer).
(A) illustrated (B) performed (C) exemplifying (D) demonstrating
(A) as well are Dutch swear words (B) so are Dutch swear words (C) nor are Dutch swear words (D) Dutch swear words are not, either
(A) economical (B) professional (C) medical (D) sensational
(A) that (B) when (C) , where (D) , which
(A) wore out (B) caught on (C) faded away (D) took off
BD.
As historian and social critic Yuval Noah Harari once mentioned, when people ask about who they are, they expect to be told wonderful stories. Every generation, or everyone, is looking for the meaning of life. To explain the meaning of life, humans, politicians and religion leaders in particular, have made up different versions of stories ___1___ our needs to explain our unique roles in the universe. ___2___, in search of one's self identity, "the truth" is the last thing that humans want to hear while fantasy is rather favorable.
This phenomenon is all the more obvious in the age of Facebook and Instagram, ___3___ you can observe the myth-making process. We are addicted to eliminating negative experiences and creating unrealistic ideals. That's how a messy kitchen is replaced with mouth-watering food porn and beautiful tropical beaches ___4___ annoying flies and tons of trash on the spot on a variety of social media. It's not fascinating but ___5___ to see people waste countless hours constructing and embellishing a perfect image online and mistaking false appearances for the truth about the real world.
(A) consisting of (B) fitting in with (C) keeping up with (D) calling on
(A) That is (B) But rather (C) By contrast (D) By the way
(A) then (B) what (C) when (D) which
(A) reach out (B) keep off (C) result in (D) substitute for
(A) terrifying (B) persisting (C) inspiring (D) illuminating
BE.
"I'm bored." It's a little phrase, yet it has the power to fill parents with a lot of dread and guilt. But boredom is something to experience rather than hastily get rid of. It may even be useful and ___1___ for the kids.
If kids don't figure this out, they're in for a surprise. Schools can be dull, and it isn't actually the teacher's job to entertain ___2___ educate. Life isn't meant to be an endless series of amusements. The sooner kids learn it's on them to make life interesting, ___3___ off they'll be, because things happen when you're bored. This is why so many useful ideas occur in the shower. When you're caught in a boring activity, you let your mind wander and follow where it goes. When you reach your breaking point, boredom teaches you to ___4___ constructively, and to make something happen for yourself.
It's especially important that kids get bored and be allowed to stay bored when they're young. It shouldn't be ___5___ a problem to be avoided or removed, but instead something kids deal with on their own. In fact, teaching children to endure boredom will prepare them for a more realistic future.
(A) mutual (B) optimistic (C) beneficial (D) moderate
(A) in addition (B) as well as (C) but also (D) with regard to
(A) the better (B) the best (C) the well (D) the more
(A) reward (B) repay (C) reverse (D) respond
(A) regarded (B) taken (C) considered (D) viewed
BF.
In the past few months, Formosan black bears have been reported to appear frequently in Yushan National Park. The traces of Formosan black bears are not ___1___ only to the Walami Trail, the eastern part of the park. They can also be found in the Duiguan area of the Batongguan Trail, a trail going east and west within the park. According to the images ___2___ by a camera installed near the Walami Trail, the black bears appear in this area almost on a monthly basis. Therefore, visitors to the area are told to exert more ___3___ to stay away from the bears. If they happen to meet a black bear on the trail, they should walk away calmly and quickly ___4___ behaving in panic. If the bear is walking toward them, they should never ___5___ the bear, or rather, they should face the bear and walk backwards at a quick pace. Then, they are supposed to inform the park management nearby to help keep track of the bear's locations.
(A) addicted (B) devoted (C) confirmed (D) revealed
(A) captured (B) designed (C) supplied (D) observed
(A) anxiety (B) caution (C) excitement (D) imagination
(A) as well as (B) together with (C) in addition to (D) instead of
(A) turn their thumb up at (B) have their passion for (C) cross their fingers for (D) turn their back on
BG.
Yogurt is a dairy product made by fermenting milk. The bacteria used to make yogurt are called "yogurt cultures," which ferment lactose, a type of sugar found naturally in milk. This process produces lactic acid, a ___1___ that acts on milk proteins, giving yogurt its texture and distinctive flavor. All types of milk can be used to make yogurt. Varieties made from skim milk are considered fat-free, whereas ___2___ made from whole milk are considered full-fat. Plain yogurt is a white, thick liquid with a tart flavor. ___3___, many yogurt companies add other ingredients, such as sugar and artificial flavors. These yogurts are not good for our health.
Plain, unsweetened yogurt offers many health benefits. For example, it is loaded with nutrients. One serving is a ___4___ source of potassium, phosphorous, riboflavin, iodine, zinc, and vitamin B5. Yogurt also contains vitamin B12, which is essential for proper development and functioning of the nervous system. As B12 is generally found in foods of animal origins, strict vegetarians can easily ___5___. To increase their vitamin B12 intake, yogurt is an excellent source, with one cup providing up to 23% of the reference daily intake.
(A) foundation (B) manufacturer (C) treatment (D) substance
(A) ones (B) those (C) they (D) what
(A) Unfortunately (B) Immediately (C) Regularly (D) Particularly
(A) reliable (B) preserved (C) considerate (D) miserable
(A) do without (B) get along (C) fall short (D) stay alert
BH.
While the world's attention has been focused on the horrendous outbreak and spread of the coronavirus, another form of potential danger to the environment - single-used plastic - is making a strong comeback. ___1___ they are throwaway masks, gloves or visors, plastic-based items are now making their way back to humans' life. Seen as ___2___ accessories and an effective way to combat COVID-19, plastic items are now held in high regard for their multiple purposes and ability to keep the virus at bay. Many countries, such as Saudi Arabia, have demanded that every citizen ___3___ protective gear like single-use gloves and face masks whenever they leave their homes. Even California has to partially lift their bans on the use of plastic utensils as a response to the fatal disease.
However, the conservationists have begun ___4___ the alarm, advising people not to neglect the environmental crisis caused by the continuous and immoderate use of plastic items in the past six months. Health experts further point out that plastic does not ___5___ hygienic protection. "Only through constant hand-washing and avoiding crowd gathering can we really protect ourselves, and that is way more effective than putting on layers of plastic protections," say the experts.
(A) Although (B) No matter (C) Whether (D) Now that
(A) crucial (B) apparent (C) precise (D) sufficient
(A) wears (B) wearing (C) wear (D) to wear
(A) hitting (B) setting (C) warning (D) sounding
(A) reassure (B) guarantee (C) dedicate (D) accomplish
BI.
I ___1___ voluntary work at Emerald Hills Children's Hospital when I was in junior high school. Children there were sick and had no forms of entertainment ___2___. Two years ago, I met Emily there, a six-year-old girl ___3___ a serious illness. When I first met Emily, she seemed extremely frightened, believing herself ___4___ to die. During my weekly visits, I told her that it was imperative that she ___5___ to her feet. As time went by, Emily became increasingly comfortable in my presence, ___6___ I take great pride as my success as a volunteer. One day, she even hugged me. It was the first time she had ___7___ physical contact with me. Experiences like this one make me grateful for the opportunity to volunteer at Emerald Hills. Offering support and comfort to sick children is truly the most rewarding part of my life.
(A) yearned for (B) embarked on (C) treaded on (D) confided to
(A) in fact (B) to a degree (C) however (D) whatsoever
Choose the WRONG one. (A) suffering from (B) repressed by (C) wrestling with (D) plagued by
(A) doomed (B) being destined (C) being fated (D) fortuned
(A) rose (B) arises (C) raised (D) rise
(A) where (B) in which (C) what (D) when
(A) imposed on (B) expelled from (C) engaged in (D) accounted for
BJ.
You might be surprised what kindergarteners can teach us when ___1___ a challenge in a game. The Marshmallow Challenge has been carried out with many different groups around the world; it has them ___2___ a tower out of spaghetti, tape, and string. Success is measured by the height of the tower, and ___3___. One reason for this is that they don't hesitate to get started. Adults ___4___ more talking and planning first, which leaves less time for the actual building. ___5___ reason is kindergarteners' approach to problem-solving: ___6___ planning, they rely on trial and error. They pick up the spaghetti and start testing ideas immediately. With unfamiliar conditions, experimenting right away works better than planning with ___7___ information. ___5___, it is usually the goals rather than the persons with whom they're to work with ___8___ the kindergarteners are paying more attention to. Adults, on the other hand, may argue about who's the boss or whose idea is better, but kindergarteners just build. Next time you're facing a challenge, maybe you should think like a kindergartener!
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) facing (B) confronting (C) faced with (D) confronted with
(A) building (B) to build (C) built (D) build
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) kindergarteners' performance is usually better than most adults. (B) kindergarteners usually rank higher than most adults (C) kindergarteners usually outperform those of most adults (D) kindergarteners' ranking is usually higher than that of most adults
(A) make (B) have (C) take (D) do
(A) Another; The other (B) One; Another (C) Another; Still another (D) The other; Another
(A) rather than (B) next to (C) in addition to (D) except for
(A) limiting (B) limited (C) limit (D) limitless
(A) that (B) which (C) what (D) X
BK.
Through the eyes of an adult, the Day of the Dead is a memorable day while, through ___1___ of a child, it can be pretty frightening. To begin with, you're told ___2___ the festival, our world is visited by ghosts and ___3___ the streets are to be filled with people ___2___ consumes spooky enough to even ___4___ grown-ups' hair ___3___ on end. The same grown-ups ___5___ expect you to stay in a graveyard all night until dawn, lighting candles and eating skull cookies! Many parents might be wondering ___6___ all this to their kids. Fortunately, there are children's books that can help. These books are thought ___7___ the Day of the Dead as far less scary time of year for children decades ago. One of the most popular of these books is a wonderful tale named The Dead Family D'iaz. This is the story of a young skeleton, Angelito, who is ___8___ and is scared to death by the Day of the Dead. ___9___ a skeleton, he finds people's red tongues, wild hair, and large round eyes absolutely terrifying. He ___10___ in the dark underworld ___10___ all night with such strange creatures. In addition, he also fears getting lost in the land of the living and having to stay there until the following November! However, when he ___11___ makes friends with a real, living boy, everything changes. Hopefully this story can also change how some children view the Day of the Dead.
(A) one (B) that (C) ones (D) those
(A) beyond; in (B) within; on (C) throughout; in (D) during; on
(A) that (B) where (C) as long as (D) X
(A) have; standing (B) make; stand (C) let; to stand (D) cause; stand
(A) therefore (B) fairly (C) additionally (D) whatsoever
Choose the WRONG one. (A) how can they explain (B) how to explain (C) how they can explain (D) how they are to explain
(A) to make (B) making (C) to have made (D) make
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) not as brave as any skeleton (B) more timid than all the other skeletons (C) less brave than all skeletons (D) more timid than any other skeleton
(A) As (B) In terms of (C) Just as (D) In view of
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) would rather stay; than party (B) prefers staying; to party (C) prefers to stay; rather than party (D) likes; more than to party
(A) in this way (B) somehow (C) by all means (D) somewhat
BL.
For some people, art is a(n) ___1___ toward the pursuit of perfection. But what if "perfect" doesn't always ___2___ "best"? That's the philosophy behind the Japanese term wabi-sabi, which is difficult to find its proper English ___3___. At its heart, the idea of wabi-sabi is about finding beauty ___4___ within life's imperfections. The most direct meanings of wabi and sabi do not necessarily help us understand this ___5___ idea. Its real usage is best understood by considering things like cherry blossoms. Short ___6___ the flowers only last, they are cherished for their beauty. ___7___, their impermanence actually adds to their appeal. One comes to realize that he must learn to ___1___ their beauty while the opportunity is there. Japanese culture ___8___ examples like this one. Long ago, a Japanese tea ceremony would only be done with finely made, high-quality teaware. It wasn't until years later that tea ceremony took a style that embraced rough, mismatched, or even broken pieces. The imperfections in the tea set ___9___ a shift of focus from the participants onto the experience of preparing and drinking the tea. In that way, wabi-sabi became a key part of this beloved Japanese custom ___10___ its effect can also be seen in the design of Japanese gardens and even in modern buildings that work older, aged pieces into their designs. It might seem odd to smile at a chipped glass or a rusted fence, but the idea of wabi-sabi emphasizes that there is beauty ___11___ in brokenness.
(A) brochure; deceive (B) coordination; receive (C) stride; conceive (D) undertaking; perceive
(A) equal to (B) conform to (C) correspond to (D) rely on
Choose the WRONG one. (A) counterpart (B) synonym (C) equivalent (D) antonym
Choose the WRONG one. (A) laying (B) lying (C) embedded (D) concealed
(A) authentic; adapted (B) sympathetic; conducted (C) aesthetic; adopted (D) pathetic; undertook
(A) as (B) even though (C) unless (D) suppose
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) In a sense (B) On the contrary (C) In either case (D) To some degree
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) abounds in (B) is abundant with (C) is inundated with (D) is swapped with
(A) allow for (B) account as (C) turn into (D) add to
(A) which (B) that (C) where (D) on which
(A) having found (B) to be found (C) founded (C) finding
BM.
"___1___ I had enough money for them all," said a customer when presented with a multitude of choices in competitive markets. In complete contrast is a monopoly, which exists when one company ___2___ a market. In most cases, governments act to prevent monopolies and will break them up ___3___. There are good reasons, from the consumer's point of view, ___4___ measures against monopolies. Firstly, ___5___ competition, a corporation can decide what prices to charge as they please, which is typically held ___6___ higher prices for consumers. Secondly, far from ___7___ innovation and superior products, companies in a monopoly position are more interested in the profits they are capable of making. This is because research and development is costly and cuts into profits. Thus, ___4___ combating monopolies, governments are looking out for the best interests of consumers.
(A) As long as (B) Now that (C) If only (D) Provided that
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) intervenes in (B) harasses (C) dominates (D) presides over
(A) should they form (B) were they to form (C) they should form (D) had they formed
(A) with; so as to (B) for; with a view to (C) for; by (D) with; with
(A) in the face of (B) in the midst of (C) in the absence of (D) in the event of
(A) supplementing to (B) accountable for (C) coincided with (D) symmetrical to
(A) thriving on (B) attributing to (C) being resolved to (D) obsessing with
BN.
When we think of famous artists of the past, the name Van Gogh ___1___. His most touching works ___2___ the "Cafe Terrance at Night," "Irises," and his self-portraits; none of them, however, would prove to be as famous as "Starry Night," which ___3___ be hailed as his iconic work, for it is ___4___ an artistic masterpiece ___4___ a strong personal revealing work. Van Gogh was born ___5___ an upper-middle-class family. Often considered to be quiet, he struggled to make sense of the world. Several failed relationships and careers ___6___ his ego to the point that he cut off his ear after a fight with his friend Paul Gauguin. Afterwards, he took a break from painting and entered a mental ___6___. It was here that he decided to paint "Starry Night." ___7___ it is that Van Gogh's feelings of loneliness as an artist is all the more ___8___ felt. And ___9___, its viewers can feel both sadness and great power ___5___ the brushstrokes and colors of this painting. As we look upon these masterpieces, we must remember that behind every drawing ___10___. And as we admire them, we might also reflect upon their stories and their hidden meanings.
Choose the WRONG one. (A) occurs to us (B) dawns on us (C) flashes into out mind (D) struck our mind
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) constitute (B) consist of (C) comprise (D) make up
(A) may well (B) had better (C) in fact (D) might as well
(A) more; than (B) less; than (C) as much; as (D) not so much; as
(A) under; through (B) at; with (C) in; with (D) into; through
(A) eroded; lodging (B0 simmered; refuge (C) racked; shelter (D) bruised; asylum
(A) What an enthralling painting (B) Such enthralling a painting (C) How enthralling a painting (D) So enthralling a painting
(A) hardly (B) frequently (C) acutely (D) nearly
(A) in response (B) in advance (C) after all (D) at a time
(A) a story is (B) lies a story (C) lying a story (D) a story is laid
BO.
In today's time, there are nearly six million vending machines currently operating in the streets of Japan. They are ___1___ common ___1___ diverse so that people won't have any trouble ___2___ one that meets their needs. However, vending machines don't just benefit customers. In a country ___3___ real estate prices and labor costs are high, a merchant may find a vending machine produces a much higher profit margin than a retail store. ___4___, in a lower-crime country as Japan, such machines are also more secure from the theft and vandalism they would likely suffer in other countries. No wonder, ___5___ Japan today is home to myriads of vending machines is a fact well-established.
(A) no more; than (B) as; as (C) not more; than (D) not less; than
(A) finding (B) to find (C) find (D) found
(A) what (B) which (C) where (D) that
(A) Therefore (B) Furthermore (C) Likewise (D) Instead
(A) X (B) what (C) while (D) that
BP.
There's more to jollof rice ___1___ a main ingredient present in almost every dish in Nigeria. Since 2016, SBM Intel, a Lagos-based research firm, ___2___ it to track food prices across Nigeria. The Jollof index tracks the prices of the main ingredients in the dish in 13 markets across six geopolitical zones to calculate how much it costs to prepare the iconic dish ___3___ a family of five to six people rely. The index is updated from January through November ___4___ a monthly basis. The data SBM has ___5___ is alarming. The price of the dish reached more than 7,000 naria in August 2020, ___6___ it far out of reach of the almost 40% of Nigerians who live on less than NT$10,230 per year. That is, ___7___ such a big portion of expenditure spent on food, Nigerians could have enjoyed a better life. In fact, as of last summer, Nigerians were spending 56.6% of their income on food, the highest national average in the world. Even common ___5___ for jollof, including noodle, fish, or egg dishes, have similarly soared in value. The Nigerian government will have to enact sweeping reforms to the country's transport, farming, and security if it intends to tackle the enormous structural issues behind the crisis. But ___4___ its economy still working to get back up to speed after the pandemic, the question of when jollof rice will return to tables across the country remains to be seen.
(A) but (B) rather (C) than (D) as
(A) were using (B) used (C) had been used (D) has been using
(A) where (B) that (C) on which (D) what
(A) on; with (B) with; as (C) as; with (D) on; as
(A) uncovered; substitutes (B) exposed; institutes (C) revealed; constitutes (D) unpacked; replacements
(A) put (B) by putting (C) to put (D) putting
Choose the WRONG one. (A) had it not been for (B) but for (C) without (D) if it were not for
BQ.
Technology should be given the respect ___1___ for whatever it has acted ___1___ to save lives at critical moments. Two U.S. government agencies, the Department of Homeland Security and NASA, have noticed that how fast victims are rescued is ___2___ important ___2___ how well they are treated afterward. ___3___, when a building crumbles down, the clock is ticking. Victims who where able to let rescuers know their location ___4___ out of the wreckage, unharmed. So the two government agencies decide to work together and design a high-tech device to locate the victims ___5___ in a ___5___ building. They soon created a new device, called FINDER, the short form for Finding Individuals for Disaster and Emergency Response. The theory is ___6___ FINDER sends out a microwave signals, which go in and hit the rubble and debris. Some of the signals may go further in, hit the victim deep inside and bounce back. As the victim moves, any of his or her subtle body movement will be ___7___ and detected by FINDER. Even when the victim breathes or his or her heart beats, FINDER will not miss. Several pilot tests have proven that FINDER is ___8___ tool by far to find survivors in an accident. Hopefully, it will save lots of lives in the future.
(A) distinctive; readily (B) characteristic; firmly (C) due; accordingly (D) symbolic; virtually
(A) no more; than (B) no less; than (C) not more; than (D) not less; than
(A) After all (B) In fact (C) In addition (D) In contrast
(A) should have crawled (B) must have crawled (C) have crawled (D) could have crawled
(A) trapping; collapsed (B) trapping; collapsing (C) trapped; collapsing (D) trapped; collapsed
(A) X (B) for (C) when (D) that
(A) deceived (B) received (C) perceived (D) conceived
(A) not a worse (B) a far better (C) as good as a (D) the best
BR.
___1___ a quick route to getting yourself into a better mood, but it's becoming increasingly clear that there's much more to the benefits of music ___2___ just a quick boost for your outlook. Research has shown that music has a profound effect ___3___ your body and psyche. In fact, there's a growing field of healthcare known as music therapy, which benefits ___4___ suffering from cancer, ADD, or others. Some hospitals are even beginning to use music and music therapy ___3___ their advantage to help with pain management, flight depression, promote movement, calm patients, or ease muscle tension. One research has shown that music with a strong beat can stimulate brainwaves to resonate ___5___ the beat, with faster beats bringing sharper concentration and more alert thinking, and a slower tempo ___6___ calm, meditative state. For years, music is believed ___7___ to bring a more positive state of mind, ___7___ to keep depression and anxiety at bay as well. The ___8___ sound of music and the positive or ___8___ messages that can be conveyed in the lyrics can all be routes to a new mental state. Music has also been found to bring ___9___ benefits, such as lowering blood pressure, boost immunity, ease muscle tension, and more. With so many benefits and such profound physical effects, it's not surprise that so many are seeing music as something we cannot do without ___10___ the well-being of the humans.
Choose the WRONG one. (A) It is believed that music is (B) Music is believed that it is (C) People believe that music is (D) Music is believed to be
(A) but (B) rather (C) than (D) as
(A) for; with (B) on; for (C) for; through (D) on; to
(A) whomever (B) whoever (C) every (D) either
(A) in sync with (B) next to (C) parallel to (D) in the wake of
(A) accommodating (B) fostering (C) installing (D) overlapping
(A) to have been used; helps (B) to be used; helps (C) to have been used; helping (D) to have used; helping
(A) spiritly-lifted; food-for-thinking (B) spirit; lifting; food-for-thought (C) spirit-lifted; food-for-thinking (D) spiritly-lifting; food-for-thought
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) a large number of (B) a wealth of (C) a great many (D) quite a few
(A) in case of (B) in terms of (C) on behalf of (D) in addition to
BS.
___1___ that our way of communication has been greatly impacted. According to research, many people ___2___ smartphones are "phubbing" all the time, ignoring people or things around them. The word "phubbing" was actually coined by Macquarie Dictionary, combining a noun "phone" and a verb "snub", ___3___ "snub" ___3___ intentionally not paying attention to others and making them feel less important. If you happen to be a phubber, you are not ___4___, for there are already a lot of "phubbers" out there. Seeing this unhealthy trend, an Australian young man Alex Haigh ___5___ by launching a "Stop Phubbing" campaign, hoping to raise people's awareness of the importance of face-to-face communication.
(A) Such is the prevalence of smartphones (B) So prevalently are the smartphones (C) How prevalently the smartphones are (D) What a prevalence is smartphone
Choose the WRONG one. (A) attached to (B) addicted to (C) indulging in (D) enticing to
(A) as; means (B) for; means (C) with; meaning (D) by; meaning
(A) lonely (B) lone (C) along (D) alone
(A) put on the map (B) took a stand (C) took center stage (D) followed the lead
BT.
Are you intending to pray at a temple in Taiwan? If so, be aware that there are a few rules that should be observed during this ritual. Here are some basic guidelines to follow.
Dress appropriately: Rarely ___1___ at Taiwanese temples. However, not showing too much skin is appropriate as a sign of respect. Thus, while ___2___ skirts or formal shirts are not a must, short skirts or sleeveless tops, ___3___, are best avoided.
Give money: Although whether to give money to a temple is obviously everyone's personal choice, mostly all temples in Taiwan have a collection box for donations, ___4___ will go to those in desperate need.
Enter and exit correctly: The "dragon door" on the right side and the "tiger door" on the left side ___5___ Taiwanese temples. When people are looking to pray, they should enter through the dragon door and leave through the tiger door.
Of course, there are other ___2___ rules to follow, but following these three is a good start when it comes to showing respect.
(A) are set strict dress codes (B) set are strict dress codes (C) strict dress codes are set (D) are strict dress codes set
(A) ankle-lengthed; specifically-made (B) ankle-lengthed; specifically-make (C) ankle-length; specifically-making (D) ankle-length; specifically-made
(A) to conclude (B) in contrast (C) as a result (D) for example
(A) that (B) which (C) most of which (D) some of them
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) characterize (B) are characteristic of (C) feature (D) featuring
BU.
Tomato plants have a unique way of protecting themselves ___1___ caterpillars. ___2___ a tomato leaf is nibbled by a caterpillar, all the leaves in the plant begin to release special proteins, which would ___3___ the caterpillar's digestion. Soon, the caterpillar will be disgusted with the taste and will leave the plant alone. ___4___ plants do not have central nervous systems as animals do, it will require more explanation how the wounded leaf notifies other leaves ___1___ the danger. ___5___ most scientists believe the messenger to be a chemical circulating in the plant's fluids, an astonishing discovery by David Wilson, a British biologist, has posed a serious challenge to that belief. In an experiment, Wilson placed electrodes on the surface of a tomato plant and then set caterpillars on a leaf. When the leaf was injured. It ___6___ a tiny electric current all over the plant's surface. Every leaf in the plant soon started producing defensive proteins. Wilson is currently ___7___ further experiments on the tomato plant and other plants. Having proving the existence of electricity on the surface of the tomato plant, he is now placing electrodes inside the plant tissues to ___7___ possible electric currents there. Many plants bloom when their leaves sense the exact length of daytime ___8___ the arrival of spring. How do the leaves transmit that message to the growth point ___9___ bud appear? Wilson suspects it has something to do with electricity again, and he is trying to find that out.
(A) from; of (B) without; off (C) across; upon (D) upon; from
(A) Although (B) Because (C) Once (D) As long as
(A) Interfere with (B) integrate into (C) pay off (D) take on
(A) Even though (B) The moment (C) Unless (D) Since
(A) Once (B) Given that (C) Since (D) Suppose that
(A) attached (B) discharged (C) transformed (D) refrained
(A) conducting; measure (B) elaborating; breed (C) confirming; stimulate (D) proceeding; conceive
(A) to indicate (B) indicated (C) having indicated (D) indicating
(A) what (B) that (C) where (D) which
BV.
___1___ death, an inevitable part of life, the environmental cost associated with it, need not be. Traditional burials and cremations are hazardous for the planet, ___2___ the former using tons of steel and concrete, and the latter pumping out lots of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. that is why it is imperative one ___3___ eco-friendly burials as a substitute. This term incorporates an array of options, but the key aspect they have in common is their beneficial effects ___4___ the environment. They use far fewer harmful chemicals and precious resources - and ___5___ cost less. One form of eco-friendly burial is water cremation, or aquamation. This keeps the remains ___6___ in a watertight chamber containing extremely hot water and a chemical compound. Within 24 hours, the corpse is largely dissolved. The remains, ___4___ ash form, are then given to the grieving family. Another option is the mushroom burial suit. ___7___ mushrooms to eliminate the dead body's harmful toxins, the body is transformed into nutrients. ___8___ option is sea burial. Here, the deceased can arrive at their final resting place on the ocean floor via a specially created coffin or in a natural shroud.
(A) As opposed to (B) Based on (C) Speaking of (D) On account of
(A) for (B) with (C) by (D) as
(A) turned to (B) turns to (C) to turn to (D) turn to
(A) on; with (B) for; in (C) on; in (D) for; with
(A) invariably (B) alternatively (C) respectfully (D) unanimously
(A) to submerge (B) submerging (C) having submerged (D) submerged
(A) By using (B) To use (C) In using (D) On using
(A) The other (B) Another (C) Still another (D) Other
BW.
The belief that yawing symbolizes boredom seems to have ___1___ the test of time. Plus, a person yawns to suggest that he ___2___ exhausted, right? ___3___, it seems that all this time we've been wrong about yawning. An international team of scientists has found that humans tend to yawn about four to ten times a day, but the higher the ambient temperatures become, ___4___ this number increases. This leads the scientists to think that, despite common belief, yawning doesn't yield more oxygen for our blood. Instead, it is ___5___ the ambient temperature, helping to cool the brain. Basically, the body can sense when the brain is overheating, so it forces to yawn as a part of cooling ___6___.
(A) valued (B) reached (C) awoke (D) stood
(A) feel (B) feels (C) felt (D) had felt
(A) In fact (B) For the time being (C) To name just a few (D) As always
(A) so large that (B) the larger (C) as large as (D) it is large that
(A) integrated into (B) subordinate to (C) owing to (D) subject to
(A) frontier (B) diagnosis (C) mechanism (D) testimony
BX.
For decades a mature human brain was believed to be incapable of growing new neurons. But evidence was building that the adult brain could, ___1___, create new neurons. In one experiment with mice, scientists found that simply running on a wheel led to the birth of new neurons in the hippocampus, a brain structure ___2___ memory. Since then, other studies have established that exercise also has positive effects on the brains of humans and that it may even help ___3___ the risk of Alzheimer's disease. But why does exercise affect the brain at all?
The answer lies in the fact that exercise is actually ___4___ a cognitive activity ___4___ a physical one. Exercise acts directly on the body and triggers physiological responses such as the release of certain chemicals, which in turn boost the growth of new brain cells. A study of more than 7,000 adults in the U.K. in 2019 showed that people who spent more time in intense physical activities ___5___ larger hippocampal volumes. That's why you should try to exercise every day, even if it's only just a brief walk. You should get your body moving to keep your brain healthy.
(A) in fact (B) after all (C) in addition (D) as a result
(A) leaving out (B) benefiting from (C) separated from (D) associated with
(A) run (B) reduce (C) increase (D) measure
(A) more; than (B) less; than (C) as much; as (D) not so much; as
(A) had (B) having (C) to have (D) has
BY.
Nothing is more disturbing than the mosquito buzz around our ears when we are sound asleep. But why do mosquitoes buzz in our ears? Well, they simply can't ___1___ it.
In fact, the buzz is just a by-product of the beating of mosquitoes' wings. The buzzing sounds are made when mosquitoes flap their wings in flight. Both male and female mosquitoes buzz. But the buzz you hear is most likely from a female mosquito. You won't be bothered by the drone of the males, because they feed on flower nectar, and couldn't care ___2___ about humans roaming around. However, female mosquitoes need a blood meal after mating in order to have enough energy to produce eggs. They are attracted to heat and carbon dioxide, which we constantly produce with our breath. The carbon dioxide we exhale stimulates female mosquitoes to start host-seeking. Actually, they aren't so much attracted ___3___ to our ears as they are to our heads in general, where we expel the most carbon dioxide. The reason why we think they tend to buzz in our ears is that the closer they are to our ears, the louder the sounds.
Moreover, scientists have discovered that there's more to the buzz ___4___ just flying. The sound is actually important in helping them find suitable mates. Annoying as the female drone is to us humans, it is ___5___ to male mosquitoes. Upon hearing the sweet vibrations, male mosquitoes set their wings in a flurry in search of their goddesses. After all, as the saying goes, "One man's meat is another man's poison." While humans try to keep the buzz away, male mosquitoes go after it.
(A) help (B) handle (C) resist (D) bear
(A) much (B) anything (C) more (D) less
(A) specifically (B) equally (C) intentionally (D) randomly
(A) but (B) rather (C) than (D) as
(A) rumor (B) music (C) inspiration (D) appreciation
BZ.
When Microsoft included a series of photos of Antelope Canyon in its Windows 7 desktop background themes in 2009, it helped put this place on the map. Then, in 2014, Antelope Canyon again captured people's imagination when Phantom, a photograph taken there, was sold at the highest price in history.
Today, Antelope Canyon is, without doubt, the most photographed canyon in northern Arizona. To be more ___1___, it is a slot canyon, a tiny narrow canyon formed by the powerful rush of water into the cracks in the rock bed. The cracks erode away ___2___, deepening the passageways and smoothing the hard edges of the rocks. The intermittent flash floods, along with the sandstorms during dry seasons, rub the walls of the canyon to appear wavy, swirly, and stripy.
To appreciate the stunning natural wonders of Antelope Canyon, you will have to get down into an unbelievably narrow corridor through a series of ladders and ___3___ stairs. From above, sunlight filters into the space through the narrow opening, creating stunning views. The ever-moving sun ___4___ bounce light back and forth across the wavy walls, creating a dazzling display of color, light, and shadow. The views in the canyon change constantly as the sun moves across the sky. You will certainly be awestruck by its unearthly beauty whenever you come.
However, as the name suggests, a slot canyon is longer and deeper than it is wide. It can be treacherous for those who enter since it offers few ways in or out. ___5___ a flash flood occurs, it can be a matter of life and death. So, be sure to check out the weather predictions before you visit it.
(A) precise (B) general (C) obscure (D) truthful
(A) against time (B) over time (C) behind the times (D) at times
(A) stone-carving (B) carving-stone (C) stone-carved (D) carved-stone
(A) shadows (B) brightness (C) eclipses (D) angles
(A) Since (B) Once (C) Wherever (D) Unless
CA.
Bitcoin is a digital currency, or cryptocurrency, introduced in 2008. Different from traditional currencies, Bitcoin is not controlled by any authorities ___1___ operates across the global network based on a technology known as blockchain. Since there are numerous encrypted transactions, or "blocks," ___2___ together, the chain is not easily interfered with by individuals, which ensures the security of transactions.
One significant advantage of Bitcoin is decentralization. Since no organization and government can control people's Bitcoin, those worrying about how their money is used by banks are free from such concerns. ___3___, the supply of Bitcoin is limited, and no individual can issue it at will. This feature prevents the value of Bitcoin from being eroded by the creation of more money in circulation. Despite these, there are some shortcomings in Bitcoin and other digital currencies as well. For example, using Bitcoin for transactions requires ___4___ expertise, which may pose problems for those unfamiliar with the technology.
Currently, the Bitcoin blockchain has not become as widespread as conventional centralized payment networks like Visa or Mastercard; nonetheless, when the technological, economic, and regulatory issues are ___5___, it is theoretically possible that cryptocurrencies will become more popular than traditional currencies many years later. We can wait and see what bitcoin may accomplish in the next decade.
(A) or (B) but (C) and (D) nor
(A) link (B) linking (C) linked (D) which linked
(A) However (B) Unluckily (C) Instead (D) Furthermore
(A) medical (B) technical (C) academic (D) financial
(A) dealt with (B) brought up (C) made light of (D) held up
CB.
Norway is the first country in the world that has passed a law on retouched or edited photos on sites such as Facebook or Instagram. The new regulation requires that a label showing the pictures have been changed or edited ___1___ to any image manipulated by advertisers or influencers. This is a move intended to protect Internet users, especially adolescents, ___2___ psychological harm caused by unrealistic beauty standards and body images.
Despite that, the regulation has met with its share of criticism and naysayers. Some believe the new law would only arouse more people's interest in images with photo manipulation. ___3___, more Internet users will be tempted to figure out what is enhanced in the image. Some may further learn how to craft the photos they want to share on the social media. The new rule does not help ___4___ the core issue of misleading images because people may, instead, be driven to extremes to achieve the desired look. Research into the effects of the new regulation is still ongoing, and experts argue that other methods such as support groups and counseling are worth ___5___, too. While the end of debate seems nowhere in sight, authorities worldwide can surely learn from Norway's treatment of this important issue.
(A) attach (B) attaching (C) attached (D) be attached
(A) from (B) without (C) across (D) upon
(A) Otherwise (B) In conclusion (C) For instance (D) In contrast
(A) address (B) deliver (C) determine (D) request
(A) consider (B) considering (C) being considered (D) to consider
CC.
Japanese minimalism was once a well-practiced philosophy in Japan. It has recently made a comeback, decades after the country's being immersed in a market economy that gave rise to more waste and careless spending. ___1___ consumerism that encourages excess living and spending, minimalism requires people to cut down on anything unnecessary, whether in art, culture, or life in general.
Take interior design for example. A key aspect of minimalism is the wide use of natural materials, such as wood and bamboo, ___2___ soft lighting as well as indoor plants into the design. In a house decorated in a minimalist style ___3___ articles of furniture set wide apart to allow for enough space. One can hardly see excessive cluttering and decorations in the room. The same principle can be applied to cooking, fashion, and architecture, ___4___. With the principle that "the less is more," minimalism is synonymous with simplicity, discipline, and ___5___ with nature. Whether it encourages people to reconnect with their cultural roots or to adopt a fresh perspective on life, Japanese minimalism does provide great food for thought for everyone.
(A) As opposed to (B) Based on (C) Speaking of (D) On account of
(A) confirming (B) elaborating (C) integrating (D) transforming
(A) has (B) is (C) are (D) have
(A) on the contrary (B) first and foremost (C) sooner or later (D) just to name a few
(A) abundance (B) concern (C) fantasy (D) harmony
CD.
Music is more than recreation. The use of music in human medicine has become increasingly popular. Studies show that music can enhance cognitive function in stroke patients and reduce patients’ ___1___ during their medical examinations. Likewise, music has been proven to offer aids in the recovery of pets, creating a calm, warm and relaxing space for their post-surgical recovery.
To dig into what kind of music might benefit felines during veterinary visits, a study ___2___ researchers experimented with 20 domestic cats was conducted by Hampton and his colleagues, from the Schools of Veterinary Medicine at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge. The felines were ___3___ to cat-specific music, classical music, or no music at random veterinary visits, 2 weeks apart. The results were good news for the cats in the study. ___4___, surrounded by cat-specific music, the cats appeared to be less stressed during the examinations. The experiment showed that ___5___ the welfare, cat-specific music is something that feline creatures cannot do without during their vet visits. So, if you make an appointment for your cat next time, try playing some special tunes beforehand to calm it.
(A) injection (B) anxiety (C) medication (D) treatment
(A) that (B) why (C) how (D) where
(A) attracted (B) confined (C) exposed (D) opposed
(A) That is (B) After all (C) Nonetheless (D) Accordingly
(A) in case of (B) in terms of (C) on behalf of (D) in addition to
CE.
In 2011, the Water, & Hygiene program initiated the Reinvent the Toilet Challenge to generate and support new approaches to manage human waste more effectively. For the 4.5 billion people ___1___ safe sanitation today, these reinvented new toilets have the potential to change their lives dramatically.
The aim of the competition was to improve safe sanitation rapidly for the world’s poorest. Thus, the new products were expected to be cost-efficient, and be able to be ___2___ anywhere. Qualified inventions must also meet the following requirements:
Removing germs from human waste and recovering valuable ___3___ such as energy and clean water.
Operating ___4___ connections to water, sewer, or electrical lines.
Costing less than US$ 0.05 cents per user per day; therefore, ___5___ for almost everyone.
Being a truly aspirational next-generation product that everyone will want to use.
(A) who lacked (B) lack (C) lacking (D) lacked
(A) restricted (B) wrapped (C) littered (D) installed
(A) resources (B) innovations (C) purposes (D) quantities
(A) without (B) with (C) through (D) by
(A) visible (B) affordable (C) organic (D) high-tech
CF.
Since 1935, the board game Monopoly has been a popular choice to bring fun to social gatherings. However, the game itself did not merely serve the purpose of entertaining guests or friends. ___1___, most people will be surprised to learn that it played a crucial role in helping prisoners escape in World War Ⅱ.
In the beginning, Germany and her various charity organizations were permitted to ___2___ board games to war prisoners. After all, it was assumed by the Nazis that playing the games would help distract those captives, hence ___3___ the possibility of a prison break. Spotting a chance for a brilliant escape plan, MI9, a branch of British intelligence agency, worked closely with the manufacturer of Monopoly and local charities. ___4___, they stuffed the game sets with survival tools such as the silk map of several European countries, miniature compasses, real banknotes, ropes and knives, and had them ___5___ into the prison. The strategy successfully aided in the escape of British soldiers, and the whole scheme was not made available to the public until 1980 by the British government.
(A) By comparison (B) In reality (C) Therefore (D) Otherwise
(A) relieve (B) conserve (C) portray (D) distribute
(A) reduce (B) reduced (C) reducing (D) would reduce
(A) However (B) In contrast (C) On average (D) For example
(A) deliver (B) delivered (C) delivering (D) to deliver
CG.
Japanese have a special way to celebrate imperfections in life. “Kintsugi” is a tradition of mending broken ceramics with powdered gold or silver. It has its roots dating back over five centuries, believed to have started when Japanese artisans frowned upon tea cups repaired with metal staples and thus ___1___ find other more aesthetic means of repair. Meaning “to join with gold” literally, kintsugi has artists start at the edges of a breakage to “glue” the broken pieces together. In fact, so popular has kintsugi become that it is not ___2___ to see artisans break ceramics on purpose, only to decorate the broken pieces with powdered gold to highlight the breakages.
___3___ hiding cracks or breakages, kintsugi serves to bring attention to imperfections of a piece of artwork. As a philosophy, it is interpreted as a way to remind people of human fragility and vulnerability, and to ___4___ past mistakes or missteps as an accepted part of life. Our failures and flaws make us mature and mellow, ___5___ the gold seams or repairs boost the aesthetic and financial value of art. Maybe we can all learn from this distinctive way of viewing imperfections, whether in art or in life.
(A) applied to (B) belonged to (C) resolved to (D) yielded to
(A) universal (B) uncommon (C) practical (D) sensible
(A) In addition to (B) In view of (C) In terms of (D) Instead of
(A) associate (B) confine (C) perceive (D) seize
(A) just as (B) only if (C) even if (D) although
CH.
Denmark consistently scores high in global happiness rankings, and Danish people have some cool words for ways to be happy. The word recently voted most popular among Danes is pyt, a term that describes the nation’s philosophy toward ___1___.
Pyt doesn’t have an exact English translation. It is usually used as a ___2___ to a daily mistake or small frustration, corresponding roughly to the English sayings, “Don’t worry about it,” or “Well, things happen.” At its core, the word is about accepting and resetting—a reminder to step back and refocus rather than overreact. Pyt doesn’t point blame at either yourself or another person; ___3___, it helps you learn that not everything can be perfect. But this does not mean that pyt applies to everything. It should not be used when you ought to take responsibility; ___4___ should it be taken as an excuse for inaction.
Today, the word is even manifested into a literal “pyt button” in Danish classrooms for schoolchildren to press when they are upset about something insignificant. Some adults have also started using the button at home. Basically, pyt encourages people of all ages to ___5___ minor frustrations and move on with their lives.
(A) health (B) stress (C) culture (D) friendship
(A) hand gesture (B) body movement (C) verbal response (D) facial expression
(A) therefore (B) likewise (C) however (D) instead
(A) so (B) nor (C) only (D) nearly
(A) let go of (B) look up to (C) go in for (D) come up with
CI.
Goose bumps are one of those fight-or-flight reactions of the sympathetic nervous system. When you experience cold or fear, a nerve reaction is sent to the muscles, which then contract involuntarily. This muscle contraction causes your body hair to stand erect. The skin with standing body hair ___1___ a goose’s skin after its feathers have been plucked—hence the name goose bumps.
But ___2___ is this helpful to us as a response to fear or cold? Back in the days when our ancestors may have had a lot more body hair, this might have helped to keep them warm or scare an oncoming predator. These days, however, goose bumps are ___3___ to human beings. Goose bumps, or the reflex that causes them, also occur in many other mammals. Many mammals fluff up their fur when ___4___, to look bigger and thus more dangerous. For example, when a porcupine encounters a predator, its long sharp pointed hairs will stand up as a means of ___5___. In animals with a thick hair coat, the rising of hair traps more air between the hairs, providing another layer of insulation to keep them warm.
(A) imitates (B) explains (C) develops (D) resembles
(A) how (B) where (C) what (D) whether
(A) even more ridiculous (B) no longer useful (C) still quite convenient (D) more than important
(A) threaten (B) threatening (C) threatened (D) to threaten
(A) blocking the smell (B) attracting mates (C) showing friendliness (D) scaring the enemy
CJ.
In economics, a fungible asset is something with units that can be ___1___ interchanged - like money. With money, you can swap a £10 note for two £5 notes and it will have the same value. However, that's where all the calculations ___2___ when something is non-fungible, such as a house, or a painting such as the Mona Lisa, which is one of a kind, for you can take a photo of the painting or buy a print but there will only ever be one original painting. NFTs are "one-of-a-kind" assets in the digital world that can be bought and sold like any other piece of property, ___3___ tangible form of their own. The digital tokens can be thought of as certificates of ___4___ for virtual or physical assets. Traditional works of art such as paintings are valuable ___5___ they are one of a kind. But digital files can be easily and endlessly duplicated. With NFTs, artwork can be "tokenized" to create a digital certificate of ___4___ that can be bought and sold.___6___ crypto-currency, a record of who owns what is stored on a shared ledger known as the blockchain. The records cannot be forged because the ledger is maintained by thousands of computers around the world. In theory, anybody can tokenize their work to sell as an NFT but interest ___7___ since recent headlines of multi-million-dollar sales were made public. But ___8___ the digital art? Nothing. Millions of people have seen Beeple's art that sold for $69m and the image has been copied and shared countless times. In many cases, the artist even retains the copyright ___4___ of their work, so they can continue to produce and sell copies. But the buyer of the NFT owns a "token" that proves they own the "original" work. Some people ___9___ it ___9___ buying an autographed print. Is this a bubble? A day before his record-breaking auction, Beeple - whose real name is Mike Winkelmann - told the BBC: "I actually do think there will be a bubble, to be quite honest." "And I think it could ___10___ some day in the future, too."
(A) urgently (B) shortly (C) gradually (D) readily
(A) form (B) count (C) end (D) matter
(A) more of (B) on top of (C) with no (D) in addition to
(A) attendance (B) ownership (C) mainstream (D) guideline
(A) in that (B) due to (C) now that (D) not until
(A) Different from (B) Likewise (C) Other than (D) As with
(A) fuel (B) fueled (C) had fueled (D) has been fueled
(A) what's stopping people copying (B) what's prompting people to purchase (C) what's pushing people into (D) what's preventing people from abolishing
(A) incorporate; into (B) correspond; with (C) compare; to (D) associate with
(A) cause (B) spell disaster (C) rebuild strength (D) endure shock
CK.
The reality of a circus is far from the "wholesome, family-centered" experience that it portrays to the public. It's time we ___1___ the cruelty it has done to animals. In fact, while millions of people find it fun to watch its lively shows and performances, for the animals, the circus is a place where they ___2___ heavy equipment with regular beatings. These ___3___ animals have ___3___ tales to tell. On average, 96 percent of their lives is spent ___4___ in chains or in cages. And because of the high costs, their cages are often disgusting environments - places ___5___ they sleep, eat, and even poop. And if they are allowed to go outside, they are struck with metal rods. Due to this bad treatment, the animals often ___6___ diseases that are harmful to humans, too. For example, some elephants ___7___ to have tuberculosis. And, in fact, records show that elephants who tested positive for tuberculosis have even been used in public performances. So, how do we treat the ___8___ problems associated with the supposed-to-be-fun circus? For starters, we can avoid supporting places like circuses that ___9___ cruelty to animals. Once we set about ___10___ those irresponsible circuses, we can start to help these animals. And after all, don't they deserve better lives?
(A) stay alert to (B) fighting back (C) woke up to (D) to secure ourselves against
(A) used to carry (B) are used to carrying (C) are used to carry (D) used to carrying
(A) heart-broken; heart-breaking (B) heart-breaking; heart-broken (C) heart-breaking; heart-breaking (D) heart-broken; heart-broken
(A) having locked (B) locking (C) lock (D) locked
(A) where (B) which (C) what (D) that
(A) plunge into (B) come down with (C) rattle on about (D) prey upon
(A) have found (B) had been found (C) have been found (D) will be found
(A) visible (B) inherent (C) promising (D) intimate
(A) profit from (B) subjected to (C) follow through (D) pull up
(A) turning down (B) making way for (C) abiding by (D) going after
CL.
Zebrafish, ___1___ their strips, have been a popular test subject for researchers. Only a few centimeters ___2___ length, the fish breed easily ___3___ grow quickly, and their transparent body makes it easy to study their organs. ___4___ they possess some amazing “self-healing” power. When part of their heart is removed, they can grow it back ___2___ a matter of weeks. When ___5___, they can quickly regain the ability to see. Recent studies show that humans and zebrafish have the same major organs and share 70 percent of the genes. Moreover, 84 percent of human genes associated with disease find a(n) ___6___ in zebrafish. Scientists thus hope that understanding the self-healing mystery of the fish may one day allow humans to regenerate such organs as eyes, hearts, and spines. Researchers at Vanderbilt University are particularly interested in zebrafish retina regeneration. They have learned that damage of retina can ___7___ blindness in zebrafish, yet it only takes about three to four weeks before vision is restored. The structure and cell types of zebrafish retinas are almost identical to ___8___ of humans. If the process can be ___9___ in humans, it may ___7___ new treatments for blindness caused by retinal damage. In order to know exactly how zebrafish retina is regenerated, the team looked at the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a chemical messenger in the brain that reduces the activity of neurons. They found that lowering GABA levels in zebrafish can trigger retina regeneration, while a high level of GABA concentration will ___10___ the regeneration process. This suggested that GABA plays an important role in the fish's ability to regain their sight.
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) characterized by (B) characteristic in (C) featuring (D) featured
(A) in; until (B) for; in (C) in; in (D) with; until
(A) in flight (B) in herd (C) in isolation (D) in captivity
(A) Likewise (B) However (C) Above all (D) That is
(A) blinded (B) having blinded (C) blinding (D) being to blind
(A) rival (B) participant (C) counterpart (D) heir
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) bring about (B) lead to (C) contribute to (D) give rise to
(A) that (B) one (C) ones (D) those
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) reduplicated (B) replicated (C) reproduced (D) cloned
(A) express (B) compress (C) express (D) suppress
CM.
Bruce Lee, a man who brought Kung Fu to the West, was born in San Francisco in 1940. His parents moved back to Hong Kong when he was still little, and as a kid, he often got into fist fights with his classmates. When he reached high school, despite his light weight and not being tall, he ___1___ fight and won the Hong Kong high school boxing championship. He returned to the United States when he was 18 and went to the University of Washington in Seattle. ___2___ was there that he opened his first martial art school.
Before gaining international recognition, Lee tried out in the TV series Kung Fu but failed to get the leading role ___3___ the producers did not want to have a Chinese man star in the program. Filled with disappointment, he got onto a plane back to Hong Kong. There he made a film and it immediately became a box office hit, ___4___ to raise Lee's profile in the world. Following his success, he made two more films and both of them were even bigger hits. ___5___, he died a sudden death while making his last movie Enter the Dragon. Though fans all over the world mourned for him, his particular moves and philosophy will long be remembered.
(A) managed to (B) called on (C) looked into (D) dropped by
(A) Which (B) That (C) What (D) It
(A) if (B) unless (C) as (D) when
(A) helps (B) helping (C) helped (D) help
(A) Unfortunately (B) Precisely (C) Deliberately (D) Scarcely
CN.
The five-pointed star drawn with five lines is known today as the pentagram. It is an ancient symbol which has held different meanings. Today, we can see the pentagram ___1___ as jewelry or designs on clothing. The Sumerians were the first to use the five-pointed star polygon. They wrote about the symbol in records ___2___ 3000 B.C. In the context of that civilization, the pentagram was a character in a writing system. The Babylonians, a culture with close historical links to Sumer, used the pentagram ___3___ the planets. Its five points indicated five planets - Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.
In ancient China, the pentagram corresponded to Wu Xing, the five elements that make up the world: metal, wood, fire, earth, and water. In European folklore, it was said to come with magical properties. The ___4___ of the star affected its significance. With one point facing upward, the pentagram represented "white" magic (good). ___5___, with two points facing upward, the same symbol stood for "black" magic (evil). Nowadays the symbolism of the pentagram is still commonly used, but it is good to know more of its history than just a fashion statement.
(A) wearing (B) worn (C) that wears (D) to be worn
(A) originated from (B) stemmed from (C) dated back to (D) traced back to
(A) in favor of (B) in light of (C) in reference to (D) in proportion to
(A) exhibition (B) attribution (C) orientation (D) illumination
(A) In reverse (B) In particular (C) to some extent (D) By the same token
CO.
Although most people don't think much about it, the physical environment ___1___ you are required to adjust does have a big impact on learning. This is even truer for children. Schools have traditionally favored walled classrooms. However, a Japanese architect named Takaharu Tezuka belleved ___2___. He ___3___ to remove barriers and help children play freely. He created Fuji Kindergarten, a donut-___4___, one-___4___ building. The school had no traditional playground equipment, with the roof considered ___5___ to serve as both a playground and a track. Children run up to thirty laps a day, which burns their extra energy and keeps them healthy. ___6___ running, they are also encouraged to climb trees. Taking risks like this helps them understand their own limits. Fuji Kindergarten is certainly a unique kindergarten.
(A) where (B) what (C) to which (D) in that
(A) neither (B) in the same line (C) by the same token (D) otherwise
(A) set out (B) made up (C) handed in (D) carried out
(A) shape; story (B) shaped; story (C) shaping; storying (D) shape; storied
(A) sufficiently (B) sufficient (C) being sufficient (D) suffice
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) Except for (B) Aside from (C) On top of (D) Other than
CP.
In the story "The Lady or the Tiger?", the king believes that a person's innocence or guilt can be determined by which door he or she opens. Crazy ___1___ it sounds, something similar was actually once a common practice for judging women thought to be witches. In earlier times in Europe, beliefs in witchcraft, the use of magic spells and medicines, were so popular among people that the Church began hunting witches ___2___ the mysterious power of witchcraft prevail. Many women were thus ___3___ practicing witchcraft. When a woman was believed to be a witch, she would be put ___4___ trial ___4___ a very unusual way. People would demand that she ___5___ tossed into a lake. ___6___ she begged for mercy, into the lake she went. People believed that ___7___ a truly good woman could stand the test. If the woman sank in the lake, she was innocent. If she floated,she was considered a witch and therefore killed. This was by no means logical because the woman might die ___8___! Still, women were tried this way for hundreds of years. Justice by strange trials is not just fiction. In total, 40,000 to 50,000 cases of women's death can be ___9___ witch trials like these!
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) although (B) as (C) since (D) though
(A) unless (B) as though (C) lest (D) for fear that
(A) accused of (B) put away (C) referred to (D) handed in
(A) for; with (B) on; in (C) in; with (D) under; in
(A) is (B) be (C) was (D) had been
(A) No matter (B) However (C) Now that (D) The moment
(A) none but (B) except for (C) no longer (D) instead of
(A) all the way (B) neither way (C) each way (D) either way
(A) dated back to (B) stemmed from (C) attributed to (C) accounted for
CQ.
Once widespread throughout the eastern part of the United States, the timber rattlesnake is now on the verge of being endangered and is almost ___1___ in some of the eastern states where it once thrived. Compared with its western cousins, the timber rattlesnake appears more ___2___ due to its certain behavior adapted to cope with the cold climate. Like all reptiles, rattlesnakes are found mostly in warmer places ___3___ they cannot internally generate or regulate their own temperature. The warmth of the sun provides them with the heat they need. However, roughly 8,000 years ago when glaciers ___1___, timber rattlesnakes migrated into the colder northern areas. In order to survive the cold in these northern regions, timber rattlesnakes developed certain strategies of their own; however, it is these adaptive changes that ultimately make them ___4___ human predation, their main threat. “Hibernation" is one of the numerous survival strategies that timber rattlesnakes have developed. For approximately eight months, they are seen ___5___ motionless in deep but frost-free crevices, with their body temperature dropping as low as 40 degrees Fahrenheit. When they emerge again in springtime, they need to sun for three to four days on rocks in the open wild to warm their chilled bodies. This peculiar behavior, ___6___ their tendency to congregate in large numbers at their wintering sites, makes them easy prey.
(A) distinct; shattered (B) instinct; opposed (C) distinctive; discharged (D) extinct; retreated
(A) vulnerable (B) asymmetrical (C) abandoned (D) adorable
(A) suppose (B) unless (C) in that (D) as if
(A) refrain from (B) fall victim to (C) devoted to (D) take advantage of
(A) remained (B) remain (C) having been remained (D) to remain
(A) along with (B) except for (C) rather than (D) based on
CR.
For three decades, Mitsuyasu Asada has ___1___ tended the same lush mountainside terraces where his father and grandfather grew wasabi; ___2___ that he's believed to be the last to retire. Yet at the age of just 56, Mr. Asada has been worn down by ___3___ threats facing this indispensable condiment that graces plates of sushi and bowls of soba. Rising temperatures have ___4___ his crops more susceptible to mold and rot. Worse yet, unpredictable rainfall, deluging floods and more intense typhoons ___5___ cause great damage to his crops as well. The thick cedar forest that blankets the mountain ___6___ his paddies - a result of postwar timber policy - has degraded the quality of the spring water the wasabi needs to grow. And his two adult daughters have married and shown no interest in ___7___ his one and a half acres in Izu, a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, about 90 miles southwest of Tokyo. “If no one will take it over," Mr. Asada said, "It will end." Mr. Asada is just one of many growers in Shizuoka, one of Japan's largest wasabi-growing regions, who must ___5___ rising challenges from global warming. Over the last decade, the volume of wasabi produced in Shizuoka ___8___ by close to 55 percent, according to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. “In order to protect Japanese food culture," he added, "it is time everyone ___9___ wasabi."
(A) managed to (B) called on (C) looked into (D) dropped by
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) such industrious worker he is (B) so industrious a worker he is (C) he's such industrious a worker (D) he's so industrious
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) a great many (B) many a (C) a great deal of (D) a large number of
(A) reinforced (B) enabled (C) rendered (D) facilitated
(A) are bound to; confront (B) are dying to; face with (C) are willing to; encounter (D) are eager to; go through
(A) overlooked (B) overlooking (C) overlook (D) to overlook
Choose the CORRECT ONES. (A) attending to (B) carrying out (C) picking up (D) caring for
(A) had declined (B) was declining (C) has declined (D) was being declined
(A) protecting (B) protected (C) protects (D) protect
CS.
One way to measure a country's level of gender equality is by the number of women in its government. ___1___, if women are really equal, a democratic country should elect about as many women as men. Leading the world ___2___, the African country of Rwanda has a government that's 56% represented by women. Rwanda's constitution has a rule which requires that at least 30% of all elected positions ___3___ by women. Other countries have taken similar steps to increase women's representation in government. The United Arab Emirates has a(n) ___4___ 50%--50% split between men and women in its national assembly. The governments of Bolivia and Mexico are also around 50% represented by women because of similar rules. Without these rules, a country can still do well, ___5___. The island nation of Cuba, which has no such policy, ranks second ___2___, right after Rwanda. Surprisingly, Iceland, which is known for its high level of gender equality in other areas, has only 38% women in its government, ranking 32nd in the world.
(A) First and foremost (B) On the contrary (C) Simply put (D) On the one hand
(A) in this regard (B) without a doubt (C) at a time (D) by no means
(A) hold (B) holds (C) be held (D) is held
(A) particular (B) precise (C) accurate (D) classic
(A) as well (B) either (C) by the way (D) however
CT.
Boo Radley is a key character in To Kill a Mockingbird. For most of the novel, Boo is not seen by the other characters, many of ___1___ despise him. However, he is frequently present in the horror stories that other residents of Maycomb tell about him. As young children, Jem and Scout ___2___ believe these stories to be true. Boo's ___2___ presence serves multiple purposes. First of all, he is an example of how Scout misunderstands many of the people around her. This is because her ___3___ of events is told through a child's eyes. Second, Boo represents some of the more ugly sides of Maycomb's history, which ___4___ have something to do with the immoral racial inequality. Many of Maycomb's residents choose to ignore or deny these less pleasant aspects of the town ___5___ criticize them, and Boo represents this ignorance in the way that he is present in the town but ___6___ from view. Finally, Boo protects Jem and Scout from the danger posed to them by Bob Ewell, a mean white man who drinks too much alcohol. Consequently, to their surprise, the children learn that Boo is not a monster. Rather, he is a kind and ___3___ human being. In return, the reader learns to ___7___ judgment about people until learning their whole story.
(A) which (B) them (C) what (D) whom
(A) merely; classical (B) instinctively; invisible (C) consequently; swift (D) subsequently; massive
(A) variety; sentimental (B) variation; sensational (C) version; sensible (D) transaction; sensitive
(A) in large part (B) by no means (C) on the other hand (D) in total
(A) as well as (B) rather than (C) so as to (D) with a view to
(A) taken over (B) becomes popular (C) stays exposed (D) remains hidden
(A) preserve (B) conserve (C) reserve (D) deserve
CU.
"Chowbus” is the name of a recently-created American food delivery company. This ___1___ company focuses on Asian food deliveries. Users can choose from a wide ___1___ of restaurants across the country. At first, when Chowbus was founded in 2016, the people it served was ___2___ the ones in the city of Chicago. However, today, Chicago is just one ___3___ twenty cities that have Chowbus's service. Users, ___4___, can also order food from Chowbus in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York, all of which have a large ___5___ Asian restaurants that participate. Chowbus uses a mobile computer app to let customers order food ___3___ an efficient way. The app can also sort dishes from various restaurants based on customers' preferences, ___6___ them to pick and choose dishes they like easily. This is an excellent way to try out several new restaurants at once. This app allows you to ___7___ your delivery, too. The idea ___8___ you will know exactly when the food is on its way to your home is itself quite appealing.
(A) particular; network (B) financial; layer (C) liable; variety (D) momentous; brand
(A) opposed to (B) limited to (C) devoted to (D) exposed to
(A) in; with (B) with; by (C) out of; in (D) from; for
(A) indeed (B) nevertheless (C) for example (D) in short
(A) amount (B) number (C) deal (D) sum
(A) allow (B) to allow (C) allowed (D) allowing
(A) trace (B) adapt (C) reverse (D) urge
(A) what (B) how (C) where (D) that
CV.
In many places, tourism is becoming a problem, ___1___ a nightmare. Some areas are ___2___ tourists that locals' quality of life suffers due to crowding, inconsiderate visitors, and housing problems. ___3___, overtourism makes vacations unpleasant for tourists themselves. Tourism should be beneficial for both visitors and locals, but overtourism turns it into a negative experience for all of them. The UN agency ___4___ promoting sustainable tourism, the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), has made some suggestions about overtourism. First, they say we must deal with crowding. Some sights attract ___5___ as they can comfortably hold. UNWTO recommends providing tourists ___6___ suggestions about lesser-known locations and sights. Some visitors will choose to go there rather than the busy attractions but ___7___ about those sights cap they go! Another way to deal with overcrowding is to set rules about how many visitors are allowed ___8___. Another issue that UNWTO has addressed is the tension between visitors and locals created by overtourism. UNWTO suggests two measures to help ___6___ this. The first is keeping local people involved in decision-making. Overtourism problems will affect some people more than others, and people ___9___ should be part of discussions about it. On the tourists' side, local governments should ___10___ make sure visitors understand local customs so they don't accidentally cause trouble. These recommendations can make tourism a good thing for everyone.
(A) according to (B) or rather (C) made of (D) known for
(A) such full with (B) so full with (C) such full of (D) so full of
(A) Accordingly (B) Nevertheless (C) Otherwise (D) Furthermore
(A) that responsible for (B) which responsible for (C) responsible for (D) with responsible for
(A) twice as many people (B) twice as more people (C) twice as people (D) twice people as many
(A) to; against (B) with; with (C) for; by (D) in; for
(A) only they know (B) only if they know (C) only do they know (D) only if they do know
(A) at some time (B) at times (C) at one time (D) for all time
(A) in question (B) on duty (C) in advance (D) to an extent
(A) stick to (B) adapt to (C) turn to (D) strive to
CW.
Dishes served along with a bowl ___1___ what people nowadays enjoy. In many cases, it has helped people to prepare healthier meals. By putting a layer of grains at the bottom, then vegetables, fruit, protein, and lastly a bit of fat in a sauce, you instantly get a balanced meal to ___2___. Of course, there are a number of bowl meals that are not so healthy. People enjoy these ___3___ because they find comfort in ___4___ put in the bowls.The feeling of taking a warm bowl of food that looks and smells delicious in your hands and raising it to your face is very soothing. ___5___ enjoys looking at a beautiful bowl of food and smelling the combination of all the different flavors savors life, too.
(A) are (B) is (C) have (D) has
(A) cope with (B) stem from (C) feast on (D) rage at
(A) in the least (B) far better (C) just as much (D) not at all
(A) nothing but what (B) whatever (C) anything that (D) no matter what
(A) Those who (B) Anyone (C) What (D) Whoever
CX.
Plastic waste is a huge problem for the world. Anyone who can help with the problem is worthy ___1___, and one such person is Nzambi Matee. Thls 29-year-old from Kenya has created a solution for her East African nation's plastic crisis. Hard ___2___ Kenya's government banned plastic bags in 2017, and single-use plastics in 2020, it has made little headway against the problem. Mattee would rather come up with her own solution ___3___ for others to act. After nine months of experimentation, she created a brick made ___4___ non-recyclable plastic. To do this, Matee mixes the plastic with sand and then heats it ___4___ high temperatures. The bricks of compressed plastic have many colors and thickness, but they are stronger, lighter, and cheaper than their concrete ___5___. Moreover, Matte's Gjenge Makers company and others like it are offering employment to many people at their factories.
(A) praising (B) of being praised (C) to be praised (D) to praise
(A) as (B) than (C) but (D) that
(A) than wait (B) to waiting (C) than waiting (D) than to wait
(A) of; at (B) from; in (C) of; in (D) from; at
(A) frameworks (B) opponents (C) counterparts (D) participants
CY.
Paiwan is one of the three largest indigenous groups of people in Taiwan. With a population of 103,000 people in 2020, they ___1___ the mountains of southern Taiwan. They have multiple rituals in a year but the biggest one is the Five-Year Festival, ___2___ Majeveq. The festival ___3___ five days and takes place every five years. The Paiwan people ___4___ the spirits of ancestors as well as ___5___ of the gods to join the festival. At the heart of the event ___6___ the bamboo pole ceremony. The warrior tries to spear one of the balls thrown into the air with a sharpened pole. It is believed that the gods decide who wins and the winner and his family will be ___7___ good luck in the year to come. This includes good health, a good harvest, and successful hunts. At the same time, the festival is a time for the members to ___3___ any past conflicts with each other. The activities bring everyone together in harmony. ___8___, only the Tuban in Taitung County carry out the complete set of traditions. The government in Taitung has stepped in and marked it as a critical folk custom. With efforts, their traditions and practices can be kept alive.
(A) dwell (B) inhabit (C) lodge (D) settle
(A) as well as (B) but (C) or (D) nor
(A) spans; resolve (B) spends; settle (C) take; involve (D) costs; dissolve
(A) attributes to (B) amounts to (C) takes to (D) appeals to
(A) that (B) those (C) one (D) ones
(A) has (B) is (C) stand (D) lay
(A) captured (B) approached (C) awarded (D) embraced
(A) Despite there are many villages holding the festival (B) Numerous though villages holding the festival are (C) Although many villages holding the festival are (D) In spite of many villages the festival held
CZ.
___1___ being majestic, tall, and social, horses ___2___ good companions for other reasons. They have great memory, for example. Horses can remember people and specific situations, so if you treat a horse well, you will find yourself ___3___ whatever they will act positively toward you in future encounters. To avail oneself of the multitasks horses are able to do, it's urgent one ___4___ his horses with positive reinforcement, like food or even affection when they follow a command so that a lifelong bond can be ___5___.
Choose the WRONG ONE. (A) Apart from (B) Other than (C) In addition to (D) On top of
(A) do (B) make (C) take (D) have
(A) in the name of (B) in terms of (C) in awe of (D) in memory of
(A) provides (B) to provide (C) provided (D) provide
(A) secured (B) insured (C) defended (D) exploited
DA.
___1___ the movie Schindler's List released in 1993, based on the true story of Oskar Schindler. But for Schindler, ___2___ heavy casualties. He, a member of the German Nazi party, alone helped save around 12,000 Jews during World War II. Schindler, unlike most Nazis, was ___3___ toward the Jews in Germany and Poland. Schindler owned some factories in Poland and decided to ___3___ local Jews to work for him. ___4___ they became his colleague, they were safe from being sent to death camps. Schindler even convinced Nazi officers to allow him to move his factory the moment the war came closer to his city. In order to do so, little money ___5___; instead, he secretly handed large sums of money over to the Nazis. That's why his workers weren't arrested. Schindler also spent lots of money ___6___ supplies into his factories so that his workers could eat. ___7___, Schindler lost almost all of his money. After the war, his business did not ___6___, and he had to be supported by people he had saved. When he died in 1974, he was given an honorable burial in Israel for his acts of bravery in helping the Jews. The movie that was made to tell Schindler's story is seen as classic today.
(A) You may as well hear of (B) You should have heard of (C) You must have heard of (D) You might have heard of
(A) there should be (B) there could have been (C) there were (D) it had had
(A) warm-hearted; conclude (B) compassionate; seclude (C) sympathetic; recruit (D) understanding; exclude
(A) As far as (B) Once (C) Not until (D) Despite that
(A) he kept to himself (B) he had kept to himself (C) he has kept to himself (D) did he keep to himself
(A) transporting; seal (B) smuggling; succeed (C) transacting; execute (D) transmitting; prevail
(A) Eventually (B) Obviously (C) On the other hand (D) In this way
DB.
Air fryers use a fan and heating mechanism that allows them to function like a convection oven, ___1___ sweltering air is circulated rapidly around the cooking basket or tray. This rapid air movement creates a convection effect that efficiently cooks food while achieving ___2___ results than other methods such as deep frying. The high temperature of the air also shortens your cooking time without sacrificing quality ___3___ its ability to cook quickly with moist interiors but crispy exteriors on any cuisine from French fries up to steak! The air fryer does not actually fry foods at all; it uses an ___2___ way called "convection," which moves hot heated overtop so you can enjoy quick yet perfect French Fries. And since you use little or no oil when cooking with air fryers, your food does not absorb excess oil. It's about time you ___4___ the absorption of fats from vegetable oils cooking with an air fryer.
(A) what (B) which (C) that (D) where
(A) staler; advanced (B) harder; innovative (C) crisper; ingenuous (D) softer; revolutionary
(A) because (B) thanks to (C) in terms of (D) in that
(A) reduced (B) reduce (C) reduce (D) reducing
DC.
A large, vicious creature that's half man and half wolf ___1___ in Western folklore for centuries. In the past, they were regarded as real and actively hunted by superstitious communities. German serial killer Peter Stumpp, who met his death in 1589, was accused of being a werewolf. Werewolf trials continued well into 18th century, with ___2___ known trials taking place in South Austria. Though the concept of modern werewolf has its roots in northern Europe, descriptions of people with wolf-like qualities ___3___ antiquity. The Greek physician, Galen, described a patient with the appearance and appetite of a wolf. The term "clinical lycanthropy", the delusion that one is able to turn into an animal, was born from this description. The relationship between ___4___ and ___4___ should not be taken lightly. From much of history, superstition severely ___5___ the development of modern science. ___6___ mythologizing mysterious illnesses and demonizing those who are afflicted by them, medical institutions strive to inform and educate both the patients and the communities they live in. The more we understand a particular disease works and where it comes from, the better we can avoid the creation of yet another monster.
(A) had survived (B) had been surviving (C) has survived (D) has been surviving
(A) the least (B) the famous (C) the last (D) the latest
(A) trace back to (B) are originated from (C) deriving from (D) date back to
(A) methodology; medicine (B) myth; medicine (C) meteorology; medication (D) metrology; medication
(A) hindered (B) fostered (C) recalled (D) targeted
(A) Aside from (B) Other than (C) Except for (D) Rather than
DD.
Rudyard Kipling was one of the most influential writers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ___1___ Kipling wrote, his readers seemed to love it. First of all, ___2___ made Kipling so popular was his writing style. He often wrote in a very encouraging tone. For example, in "If--," a father's useful and positive advice to a son was written ___3___ the form of a poem. It contained many different situations often encountered in life ___4___ some very good advice on how to handle each of them. Another thing that added to Kipling's popularity was that he really loved his country. Although he was born and raised in India, his writing often showed support for the British Empire. Some readers at the time disagreed with his views, and that remains ___5___ today. We must, ___6___, keep in mind that his ideas and tales reflect the historical context of the time. Although Britain didn't ___7___ its colonial rule in many countries until after Kipling died, he was writing in a transitional period leading up to these changes. Therefore, people nowadays still ___8___ Kipling with that period, and we can also reveal aspects of his ___9___ self. For instance, "Baa Baa Black Sheep," "A Trip Across a Continent," and ".007" are all based on ___10___ with different characters that he had during his own travels. Due to these unique elements of his work, Kipling was actually the first British person to receive the Nobel Prize to literature.
(A) Wherever (B) However (C) Whatever (D) Whenever
(A) which (B) it (C) this (D) what
(A) at (B) in (C) on (D) for
(A) with (B) from (C) by (D) through
(A) like (B) as (C) such (D) so
(A) after all (B) first and foremost (C) far and wide (D) on the contrary
(A) put an end to (B) sign up for (C) push forward (D) stand up for
(A) distort (B) digest (C) associate (D) claim
(A) hostile (B) inner (C) rational (D) wealthy
(A) foes (B) deeds (C) legends (D) encounters
DE.
Five days before Christmas in 2016, quite an alarming article appeared on the AWD News website. Its headline, which supposedly directly quoted Israel's Defense Minister, stated, ___1___, in no uncertain terms that Israel would "destroy" Pakistan "with a nuclear attack," if they dared send troops to Syria. Pakistan's Minister of Defense then ___2___ tensions even further by reminding Israel, on Twitter, that his own country was also a nuclear state. When one considers that political relations between the two countries was, at the time, already very strained, it is quite evident just how serious such a threat might appear. Thankfully, the Israeli defense ministry issued a statement on Twitter the very next day to declare that the quote was completely false ___3___ tensions should be allowed to rise any further. ___4___, Pakistani officials no longer took the headline or the article seriously, and eventually they realized that the story had been nothing but some very dangerous fake news. Nonetheless, it is frightening to think that it ___5___ leading to nuclear war!
(A) more often than not (B) out of the blue (C) in the long run (D) by no means
(A) fell for (B) laid out (C) stirred up (D) pushed forward
(A) lest (B) although (C) while (D) unless
(A) Deliberately (B) Tragically (C) Accurately (D) Consequently
(A) should have ended up (B) were to end up (C) might have ended up (D) had ended up
DF.
A new food has hit the market. Scientists can now change animal stem cells ___1___ meat to be served at home or in restaurants. The new product is called lab-grown meat and has several advantages over traditional meat. First, it has no need of ___2___, so no animals are killed during production. It can also help ___3___ the environmental damage that occurs during the production of traditional meat. Lab-grown meat may even be healthier than traditional meat products. Some, however, advise caution. While they agree that lab-grown meat may be ___4___ beneficial and worthy of further development, they argue that further research is needed to prove these ideas are true. Still, a number of businesses are sure that lab-grown meat will prove a ___5___ product in the long term. In the end, only time will tell whether consumers will welcome lab-grown meat. So stay tuned for further news on this innovative product.
(A) with (B) over (C) by (D) into
(A) composition (B) livestock (C) reaction (D) allergy
(A) prevent (B) preventing (C) to be prevented (D) prevents
(A) in conclusion (B) in theory (C) in fact (D) in practice
(A) can't-be-mission (B) can't-missing (C) can't-miss (D) can't-be-missed
DG.
Some time ago, a news article surfaced in the press, and it shocked Hillary Clinton's fans across America. This was just months ___1___ the 2016 presidential election, in which Clinton hoped to become America's first female president. The story ___2___ first appeared on the website www.worlddailynews.com, claimed to have been based on an actual interview with Yoko Ono. Ono is, of course, a famous Japanese-American artist, ___3___ once been married to Beatles star John Lennon. She's also known for her ___4___ peace protests. With her third husband Lennon, for example, she had protested ___5___ the Vietnam War for several months. The article in question, headlined "YOKO ONO: 'I Had an Affair with Hillary Clinton in the '70s'," ___6___ several Ono "quotes" as proof that these two famous female figures had once been romantically involved. Judging by the fact ___7___ the story prompted over 930,000 "shares" on Facebook, a substantial number of people were exposed to the story. More alarmingly, many just have ___8___ it ___8___ an actual, reliable news article. Thus, thousands of social media users ___9___ believing that Clinton and Ono really had been lovers at one stage. Thankfully, fact-checking sites soon confirmed the story to be completely fake, preventing it from ___10___ even more Americans ___10___ the false information. This was one match, it appears, that had only been made in fake news heaven.
(A) thanks to (B) up to (C) prior to (D) due to
(A) , which (B) that (C) , that (D) which
(A) and have (B) has (C) that had (D) having
(A) representative (B) misleading (C) extensive (D) flawed
(A) for (B) against (C) between (D) with
(A) illustrated (B) cited (C) defined (D) shattered
(A) that (B) how (C) why (D) when
(A) deceived; into (B) tricked; into (C) mistaken; for (D) criticized; for
(A) appealed to (B) watched out for (C) came across (D) were tricked into
Choose the WRONG one. (A) expose; to (B) advise; against (C) convince; of (D) turn; into
DH.
Convenient ___1___ they are, you might be surprised to learn that the meals you're now used to ordering online might not actually be prepared at restaurants. ___2___ preparing food for delivery in their own kitchens, some restaurants use a "cloud kitchen" - also referred to as a "ghost kitchen where at the center ___3___ a central food preparation facility with no restaurant attached to it. What's more, it's normally not making just one restaurant's food. Orders ___4___ multiple different restaurants might all go to the same cloud kitchen and be assembled by the same people. ___5___, the owners of the cloud kitchen, a restaurant can ___6___ itself the trouble of maintaining a physical location. This decreases the ___6___ cost of starting up new food business. The cloud kitchen eliminates the need to find and rent a street-side location and hire waitstaff, which ___7___. All that is required now is to draft a menu, hire chefs, and find space at a cloud kitchen. ___8___, so are customers lured, all without having its own location. While the arrangement doesn't work for every business, though, cloud kitchens are clearly becoming a force to be ___9___ in the food industry. Even when people ___10___ dining out after COVID-19, it's likely that cloud kitchens will remain part of the world of food.
(A) yet (B) as (C) while (D) although
(A) In addition to (B) Apart from (C) Instead of (D) On top of
(A) locate (B) standing (C) sits (D) lied
(A) entitled to (B) attributed to (C) catered to (D) submitted to
(A) Alternatively (B) Ultimately (C) Nonetheless (D) Otherwise
(A) sustain; explosive (B) spare; initial (C) snatch; universal (D) justify; defensible
(A) lift itself up (B) hold itself back (C) let itself down (D) set itself apart
(A) As the restaurant is listed on the delivery app (B) Though the restaurant is listed on the delivery app (C) In terms of restaurant listing (D) Because of the delivery app
(A) incorporated into (B) reckoned with (C) contributed to (D) associated with
(A) consume (B) assume (C) resume (D) presume
DI.
Tiny droplets of water and ice ___1___ clouds. More of these mean more condensation, and eventually the droplets fall as rain. Using this principle, scientists ___2___ cloud seeding. Bu artificially adding small ice-like particles to clouds, we can increase the chance that the clouds fall down as rain. There are numerous reasons why controlled precipitation might be desirable, one of ___3___ is its help in increasing snowfall in ski resorts. This is also done upstream from dams by hydroelectric companies to increase the eventual amount of spring snowmelt, and thereby increase ___4___ power. Cloud seeding is also used to manage inclement weather; airports benefit from its ability to clear away fog, and some regions ___5___ hail are able to reduce storm damage by shrinking the size of hailstones.
Choose the WRONG one. (A) make up (B) consist of (C) comprise (D) constitute
(A) perceived (B) deceived (C) received (D) conceived of
(A) where (B) them (C) which (D) whom
(A) water-generating (B) water-generated (C) water-generation (D) water-generate
(A) prior to (B) prone to (C) associated with (D) inclusive of
DJ.
With either a black or solid-colored base and luxurious designs on only the lower hem, tomesode are highly formal kimono for married women. Black tomesode are typically worn by the mothers of the bride and groom at weddings, ___1___ colored ones are a good fit for other formal occasions as well. Tomesode typically pair with a finely patterned gold obi and white ___2___. The tomesode's formality is ___3___ not only by its color scheme, but also the three to five family crests that decorate its chest, sleeves, and the back of the collar. The uchikake is a gorgeous bridal over-kimono that trails on the floor. It can be beautifully colored, often in red, though it also ___4___ an all-white style called shiromuku. This magnificent bridal set, ___5___ with a traditional hairstyle and decorations such as hair ornaments, a fan, and a special veil, is typically worn by brides at Shinto wedding rituals.
(A) since (B) once (C) while (D) unless
(A) staples (B) penalties (C) clusters (D) accessories
(A) revoked (B) evoked (C) provoked (D) invoked
(A) comes in (B) gives off (C) resorts to (D) ushers into
(A) completing (B) complete (C) to complete (D) having completed
DK.
There's one instrument that can be played without contact - the theremin. It ___1___ an eerie, abnormal sound. Some people say it ___2___ the sound of a purified saxophone, or a bizarre, amplified children's slide whistle. The theremin was accidently invented by Russian physicist Leon Theremin, ___3___ agenda was to create a device to measure properties of gases. ___4___, he found that his machine produced a weird tone that could be manipulated by moving his hands around it. Theremin took his new discovery and began to tour the world with it, always having the audience ___5___ the performance. The theremin produces electromagnetic waves that are sent through two antennas, one a vertical rod and ___6___ a horizontal loop. The instrument relies on the electrical charges produced by our bodies to work as these ___7___ the theremin's waves. This is ___8___ causes the pitch and volume to change. Players move one hand near the vertical antenna to ___1___ the pitch. They control the volume by moving their other hand up or down over the looped antenna. The actions needed to control a theremin are ___9___ delicate and dramatic. Sometimes the performer even looks as if they're casting a spell. This is why, in addition to ___10___ used to ___10___ haunting music for film, the theremin makes a great concert instrument. It's truly spectacular to witness in action.
(A) employs; consult (B) emits; adjust (C) dispatches; switch (D) dispenses; accustom
(A) takes on (B) filters out (C) stinks of (D) clutches at
(A) in which (B) which (C) whom (D) whose
(A) Subsequently (B) Namely (C) Instead (D) Therefore
(A) hiss at (B) soak up (C) inquire into (D) place a veto on
(A) another (B) the other (C) other (D) the others
(A) interfere with (B) correspond to (C) rely on (D) relate to
(A) which (B) how (C) what (D) why
(A) above all (B) in awe of (C) induced to (D) by turns
(A) be; creating (B) be; create (C) being; creating (D) being; create
DL.
Colorblindness affects around eight percent of males and around 0.5 percent of females globally. The term, ___1___ its misleading name, does not mean people cannot see colors, but in fact means they have difficulty telling the difference between colors. There are many types of colorblindness, the most common being deuteranomaly: red-green colorblindness. People with this disorder have difficulty seeing red and noticing ___2___ between different shades of green.
Colorblindness is a handicap. In fact, some jobs require their employees to have normal color vision. Jobs which require this include police officer, firefighter, and airline pilot. One everyday ___3___ of having colorblindness is the inability to tell the difference between a green banana and a yellow one.
Though this disability can be frustrating, especially if a friend asks, "What color is this?" while holding up an apple, there is hope. EnChroma, an eyeglasses company, has made lenses which correct colorblindness. EnChroma glasses can ___4___ out the color wavelengths that confuse the cones in the eyes, allowing the wearer to see colors they are normally "blind to." The glasses, ___5___ expensive, are absolutely worth the expense to see the world in full color.
(A) thanks to (B) despite (C) regarding (D) according to
(A) temptations (B) plantations (C) corporations (D) distinctions
(A) privilege (B) breakthrough (C) disadvantage (D) controversy
(A) filter (B) dispense (C) radiate (D) export
(A) so (B) unless (C) since (D) though
DM.
While it's not in every home yet, VR equipment is showing up in many parts of our lives. One exciting use of this technology is in hospitals. VR headsets and programs can provide doctors and healthcare workers with new ___1___ for healing patients.
Some hospitals use virtual reality to promote mental healing. In the US, for example, children who have been burned have responded ___2___ to VR games, as they have eased their mental trauma. In Japan, VR is being used to help patients take virtual vacations.
Perhaps the most thrilling use of it is in helping restore the walking ability of ___3___ have lost it. Virtual reality has been used to create a safe environment in which people who have been ___4___ can practice walking. Combined with research into letting people control machines directly with their brains, this can help people recover from injuries that limit their mobility. ___5___ in VR program for some time, patients were able to put on special equipment and walking unassisted. These uses of VR are proving to be the key to long-term healing for numerous patients.
(A) avenues (B) vocations (C) spectacles (D) strands
(A) objectively (B) abruptly (C) favorably (D) extensively
(A) whoever that (B) people (C) those who (D) whoever
(A) ridiculed (B) paralyzed (C) penetrated (D) oppressed
(A) To practice (B) Having practiced (C) Practiced (D) Having been practiced
DN.
“Anne! Jo! I mean, Max!” Mothers often mix up their children’s names, but studies show that moms are not the only ones who make this mistake. ___1___ name phenomenon turns out to be very common. Almost everyone sometimes mixes up the names of their family and friends.
The phenomenon is called a “cognitive glitch” by researchers in the field of cognitive science. It is not caused by a bad memory or by aging processes that affect brain functioning. It is simply a result of the way our brain ___2___ those we love.
When our brain is attempting to retrieve a name so that we can say it, it is likely that another name in the same group will come to our lips ___3___ the one we meant to say. That is because in order to find the name we are looking for, we are essentially ___4___ the whole set of names in that group, which includes all our beloved family members. Scientists also report that the category ___5___ the person belongs (family, close friends, etc.) is far more influential in causing a mix-up than any phonetic similarity between names. Names that sound alike do not usually trigger the mix-up.
Isn’t it great to know that when you call others by the wrong name, it is evidence of your love for them all?
(A) Forgetful (B) Complicated (C) Scrambled (D) Alternative
(A) classifies (B) defends (C) predicts (D) translates
(A) as for (B) instead of (C) due to (D) far beyond
(A) making up (B) catching on (C) skipping off (D) flipping through
(A) by whom (B) to which (C) in that (D) for what
DO.
Astronomers have discovered the darkest alien planet known to exist in the galaxy.
The Jupiter-sized planet, known as TrES-2b, is located in another solar system some 750 million light years away from Earth. Reflecting less than one percent of the sunlight ___1___ on it, TrES-2b is less reflective than black acrylic paint, and is blacker than coal. The only light that comes from TrES-2b is a faint red glow, ___2___ the heated coils on an electric stove or a very dim light bulb. Researchers believe this results from its extremely hot atmosphere, which is as high as 1,800°F (980°C), ___3___ its closeness to its sun — its source of energy.
So how does this planet manage to absorb about 99% of the light it receives from its sun? ___4___ researchers are not completely sure, they believe it could be because its atmosphere is composed of light-absorbing chemicals like vaporized sodium or even some elements whose existence is not yet known. Although they may never be able to ___5___ exactly how the planet remains so stealthily hidden, scientists are sure of one thing — there are many more even darker planets out there just waiting to be discovered!
(A) falls (B) falling (C) fallen (D) to fall
(A) associated with (B) committed to (C) familiar with (D) similar to
(A) thanks to (B) regardless of (C) in addition to (D) in terms of
(A) Once (B) When (C) While (D) If
(A) make (B) count (C) read (D) tell
DP.
Alan Turing was one of the leading scientific geniuses of the 20th century. Many scholars consider him the father of modern computer science. He was also the man who cracked the ___1___ uncrackable Enigma code used by Nazi Germany. His code-breaking turned the tide of World War II and helped save two million lives. Nevertheless, ___2___ people have even heard his name.
Turing displayed signs of high intelligence in math and science at a young age. By the time he was 23, he had already come up with the idea of what ___3___ the modern computer — the Turing machine. Today, Turing machines are still used in theoretical computation. He also proposed the now famous Turing test, used to determine whether a computer exhibits intelligent behavior equivalent to that of a human.
The postwar era, however, was a disaster for Turing. He was gay, which was then a crime in Britain. ___4___ being hailed as one of the crucial figures in defeating the Nazis, Turing was convicted of “gross indecency.” This ___5___ drove him to commit suicide in 1954, at the age of 41. Nearly 60 years after his death, Queen Elizabeth II granted Turing a formal pardon for his conviction, upon an online petition signed by prominent scientists and technology leaders around the world.
(A) eventually (B) precisely (C) concernedly (D) supposedly
(A) many (B) some (C) any (D) few
(A) would become (B) should become (C) could have become (D) had become
(A) Because of (B) Instead of (C) In addition to (D) With respect to
(A) compromise (B) procession (C) humiliation (D) supplement
DQ.
Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) was an American author and journalist. His writing style, characterized by simplicity and understatement, influenced modern fiction, as ___1___ his life of adventure.
Hemingway started his career as a journalist at 17. In the 1920s, he was sent to Europe as a newspaper correspondent to ___2___ such events as the Greek Revolution. During this period, he produced his early important works, including The Sun Also Rises. Among his later works, the most outstanding is The Old Man and the Sea (1952), which became perhaps his most famous book, finally winning him the Pulitzer Prize he had long been ___3___. Hemingway liked to portray soldiers, hunters, bullfighters — tough, at times primitive people whose courage and honesty are set against the brutal ways of modern society, and who in this ___4___ lose hope and faith. His straightforward prose is particularly effective in his short stories, some of ___5___ are collected in Men Without Women (1927). In 1954, Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. He died in Idaho in 1961.
(A) was (B) being (C) did (D) doing
(A) cover (B) approve (C) predict (D) escape
(A) planned (B) achieved (C) examined (D) denied
(A) limitation (B) classification (C) confrontation (D) modification
(A) what (B) which (C) them (D) these
DR.
Road running is one of the most popular and accessible athletic activities in the world. It refers to the sport of running on paved roads or established paths as opposed to track and field, or cross country running. The three most common ___1___ for road running events are 10K runs, half marathons (21.1K), and marathons (42.2K).
Road running is unique among athletic events because it ___2___ all ages and abilities. In many cases first time amateurs are welcome to participate in the same event as running club members and even current world-class ___3___. Sometimes it may also include wheelchair entrants.
Road running often offers those ___4___ a range of challenges such as dealing with hills, sharp bends, rough weather, and so on. Runners are advised to train prior to participating in a race. Another important factor contributing to success is a suitable pair of running shoes.
Road running is often a community-wide event that highlights or raises money for an issue or project. ___5___, Race for the Cure is held throughout the U.S. to raise breast cancer awareness. This race is also run in Germany, Italy, and Puerto Rico.
(A) journeys (B) distances (C) destinations (D) measurements
(A) caters to (B) depends on (C) goes after (D) identifies with
(A) matches (B) civilians (C) associations (D) champions
(A) involving (B) involved (C) to involve (D) are involved
(A) Above all (B) For example (C) As it appears (D) To some extent
DS.
Brushing your teeth regularly will help you maintain a healthy smile. But that smile won’t last long if you don’t take proper care of your toothbrush and switch to a new one often. According to the American Dental Association (ADA), toothbrushes can harbor bacteria. These germs come from the mouth and can ___1___ in toothbrushes over time.
Many Americans replace their toothbrushes only once or twice a year. The ADA, however, recommends ___2___ a new toothbrush every three to four months. Children’s toothbrushes may need to be changed more ___3___.
During those three to four months of use, there are several ways to keep a toothbrush clean. ___4___, rinse your toothbrush thoroughly with tap water after use, making sure to remove any toothpaste and debris. Store your toothbrush in an upright position, and let ___5___ air dry. Most importantly, do not share toothbrushes.
(A) accumulate (B) crumble (C) establish (D) radiate
(A) use (B) to use (C) using (D) used
(A) essentially (B) frequently (C) typically (D) objectively
(A) In short (B) Otherwise (C) Nevertheless (D) For example
(A) it (B) one (C) the (D) which
DT.
Hiding herself among the trees near a chimpanzee habitat, Elizabeth Lonsdorf is using her camera to explore mysteries of learning. The chimpanzee she records picks up a thin flat piece of grass and then digs out tiny insects from a hole. Dinner is ___1___! But how did the chimp develop this ingenious skill with tools? Do the chimp babies copy their parents in using tools? Do the mothers most skilled with tools have offspring who are also good at using tools? Here in Africa, Lonsdorf is conducting one of the world’s longest wildlife studies, trying to discover how learning is transferred ___2___ generations.
Lonsdorf has always been interested in animal learning and tool use, ___3___ the way young animals grow up and learn their way in the world. Her chimpanzee study shows a clear link between humans and the rest of the animal kingdom. The chimps make and use tools and have mother-child relationships very ___4___ to those of humans. Through observing chimpanzees’ learning process, researchers hope to gain insight into what the development of our earliest ancestors ___5___ like.
Lonsdorf hopes that by understanding the complexity of animal behavior, we can better appreciate and protect the diversity of life on this planet.
(A) proposed (B) ordered (C) digested (D) served
(A) across (B) beside (C) upon (D) within
(A) especially (B) originally (C) consequently (D) fortunately
(A) casual (B) similar (C) direct (D) grateful
(A) is to be (B) was to be (C) might have been (D) will have been
DU.
The undersea world isn’t as quiet as we thought, according to a New Zealand researcher. Fish can “talk” to each other and make a range of ___1___ by vibrating their swim bladder, an internal gas-filled organ used as a resonating chamber to produce or receive sound.
Fish are believed to speak to each other for a number of reasons, such as to attract mates, scare off predators, or give directions to other fish. Damselfish, for example, have been found to make sounds to scare off ___2___ fish and even divers. Another discovery about fish sounds is that not all fish are ___3___ “talkative.” Some species talk a lot, while others don’t. The gurnard species has a wide vocal repertoire and keeps up a constant chatter. Codfish, ___4___, usually keep silent, except when they are laying eggs. Any goldfish lover who hopes to strike up a conversation with their pet goldfish is ___5___. Goldfish have excellent hearing, but they don’t make any sound whatsoever. Their excellent hearing isn’t associated with vocalization.
(A) choices (B) objects (C) accents (D) noises
(A) threatened (B) being threatened (C) threatening (D) being threatening
(A) merely (B) equally (C) officially (D) favorably
(A) by all means (B) for example (C) as a result (D) on the other hand
(A) out of luck (B) in the dark (C) off the record (D) on the rise
DV.
The U.S. Postal Service has been struggling financially for some time. It plans to stop delivering mail on Saturdays, ___1___ Aug. 1 this year. This decision was announced on Wednesday without congressional approval. ___2___ forbidden to do so by the Congress, the agency for the first time will deliver mail only Monday through Friday. It is expected that this ___3___ will save about $2 billion a year. In recent years, the postal service has suffered tens of billions of dollars in losses ___4___ the increasing popularity of the Internet and e-commerce. The postal service plans to continue Saturday delivery of packages, which remain a profitable and growing part of the delivery business. Post offices would remain open on Saturdays ___5___ customers can drop off mail or packages, buy postage stamps, or access their post office boxes. But hours would likely be reduced at thousands of smaller locations.
(A) starts (B) started (C) starting (D) to start
(A) When (B) Unless (C) Once (D) Lest
(A) move (B) round (C) chance (D) fact
(A) at (B) with (C) under (D) between
(A) so that (B) as soon as (C) in case (D) ever since
DW.
The Nobel Peace Center is located in an old train station building close to the Oslo City Hall and overlooking the harbor. It was officially opened on June 11, 2005 as part of the celebrations to ___1___ Norway’s centenary as an independent country. It is a center where you can experience and learn about the various Nobel Peace Prize Laureates and their activities ___2___ the remarkable history of Alfred Nobel, the founder of the Nobel Prize. In addition, it serves as a meeting place where exhibits, discussions, and reflections ___3___ to war, peace, and conflict resolution are in focus. The Center combines exhibits and films with digital communication and interactive installations and has already received attention for its use of state-of-the-art technology. Visitors are welcome to experience the Center ___4___ or join a guided tour. Since its opening, the Nobel Peace Center has been educating, inspiring and entertaining its visitors ___5___ exhibitions, activities, lectures, and cultural events. The Center is financed by private and public institutions.
(A) help (B) solve (C) take (D) mark
(A) so much as (B) as well as (C) in spite of (D) on behalf of
(A) related (B) limited (C) addicted (D) contributed
(A) in this regard (B) one on one (C) on their own (D) by and large
(A) among (B) regarding (C) including (D) through
DX.
In 1985, a riot at a Brussels soccer match occurred, in which many fans lost their lives. The ___1___ began 45 minutes before the start of the European Cup final. The British team was scheduled to ___2___ the Italian team in the game. Noisy British fans, after setting off some rockets and fireworks to cheer for ___3___ team, broke through a thin wire fence and started to attack the Italian fans. The Italians, in panic, ___4___ the main exit in their section when a six-foot concrete wall collapsed.
By the end of the night, 38 soccer fans had died and 437 were injured. The majority of the deaths resulted from people ___5___ trampled underfoot or crushed against barriers in the stadium. As a result of this 1985 soccer incident, security measures have since been tightened at major sports competitions to prevent similar events from happening.
(A) circumstance (B) sequence (C) tragedy (D) phenomenon
(A) oppose to (B) fight over (C) battle for (D) compete against
(A) a (B) that (C) each (D) their
(A) headed for (B) backed up (C) called out (D) passed on
(A) be (B) been (C) being (D) to be
DY.
Handling customer claims is a common task for most business firms. These claims include requests to exchange merchandise, requests for refunds, requests that work ___1___, and other requests for adjustments. Most of these claims are approved because they are legitimate. However, some requests for adjustment must be ___2___, and an adjustment refusal message must be sent. Adjustment refusals are negative messages for the customer. They are necessary when the customer is ___3___ or when the vendor has done all that can reasonably or legally be expected.
An adjustment refusal message requires your best communication skills ___4___ it is bad news to the receiver. You have to refuse the claim and retain the customer ___5___. You may refuse the request for adjustment and even try to sell the customer more merchandise or service. All this is happening when the customer is probably angry, disappointed, or inconvenienced.
(A) is correct (B) to be correct (C) is corrected (D) be corrected
(A) retailed (B) denied (C) appreciated (D) elaborated
(A) at fault (B) on call (C) in tears (D) off guard
(A) till (B) unless (C) because (D) therefore
(A) by and large (B) over and over (C) at the same time (D) for the same reason
DZ.
People may express their feelings differently on different occasions. Cultures sometimes vary greatly in this regard. A group of researchers in Japan, ___1___, studied the facial reactions of students to a horror film. When the Japanese students watched the film ___2___ the teacher present, their faces showed only the slightest hints of reaction. But when they thought they were alone (though they ___3___ by a secret camera), their faces twisted into vivid mixes of anguished distress, fear, and disgust.
The study also shows that there are several unspoken rules about how feelings should be ___4___ shown on different occasions. One of the most common rules is minimizing the show of emotion. This is the Japanese norm for feelings of distress ___5___ someone in authority, which explains why the students masked their upset with a poker face in the experiment.
(A) as usual (B) in some cases (C) to be frank (D) for example
(A) of (B) as (C) from (D) with
(A) were being taped (B) had taped (C) are taping (D) have been taped
(A) rarely (B) similarly (C) properly (D) critically
(A) with the help of (B) in the presence of (C) on top of (D) in place of
EA.
The sun is an extraordinarily powerful source of energy. In fact, the Earth ___1___ 20,000 times more energy from the sun than we currently use. If we used more of this source of heat and light, it ___2___ all the power needed throughout the world.
We can harness energy from the sun, or solar energy, in many ways. For instance, many satellites in space are equipped with large panels whose solar cells transform sunlight directly ___3___ electric power. These panels are covered with glass and are painted black inside to absorb as much heat as possible.
Solar energy has a lot to offer. To begin with, it is a clean fuel. In contrast, fossil fuels, such as oil or coal, release ___4___ substances into the air when they are burned. ___5___, fossil fuels will run out, but solar energy will continue to reach the Earth long after the last coal has been mined and the last oil well has run dry.
(A) repeats (B) receives (C) rejects (D) reduces
(A) supplies (B) has supplied (C) was supplying (D) could supply
(A) into (B) from (C) with (D) off
(A) diligent (B) harmful (C) usable (D) changeable
(A) Otherwise (B) Therefore (C) What’s more (D) In comparison
EB.
Signs asking visitors to keep their hands off the art are everywhere in the Louvre Museum, Paris. But one special sculpture gallery invites art lovers to allow their hands to ___1___ the works. The Louvre’s Tactile Gallery, targeted at the blind and visually ___2___, is the only space in the museum where visitors can touch the sculptures, with no guards or alarms to stop them. Its latest exhibit is a ___3___ of sculpted lions, snakes, horses and eagles. The 15 animals exhibited are reproductions of famous works found elsewhere in the Louvre. Called “Animals, Symbols of Power,” the exhibit ___4___ animals that were used by kings and emperors throughout history to symbolize the greatness of their reigns. The exhibit, opened in December 2008, ___5___ scheduled to run for about three years. During guided tours on the weekends, children can explore the art with blindfolds on.
(A) fix up (B) run over (C) take away (D) knock off
(A) impair (B) impairs (C) impaired (D) impairing
(A) collection (B) cooperation (C) completion (D) contribution
(A) examines (B) protects (C) represents (D) features
(A) is (B) being (C) has (D) having
EC.
Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a “virtual patient,” created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university’s School of ___1___ work with the “patient” to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making.
Students talk with the “patient” directly or by typing questions into a computer. The “patient” responds verbally or with gestures to indicate ___2___ such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly ___3___ that the “patient” understands them completely. The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the “patient” can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can ___4___ serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be ___5___ with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning.
(A) Education (B) Business (C) Pharmacy (D) Humanities
(A) expressions (B) emotions (C) elements (D) events
(A) in order (B) in return (C) in case (D) in addition
(A) adapt to (B) break into (C) provide with (D) suffer from
(A) exciting (B) necessary (C) possible (D) important
ED.
The telephone is widely considered as the most rapidly evolving technological device today. Many experts in the field believe that future phones will not only look very different — they may not even be ___1___. They may be hidden in jewelry or accessories, or even embedded in the body. They will undoubtedly have a lot of additional features and ___2___ functions, and users may interact with them in new ways, too. ___3___ they are still called “phones” — a word meaning “voice” in Greek — making voice calls may no longer be their primary function. With advances in contemporary design and technology, the phones may ___4___ remote controls, house keys, Game Boys, maps, flashlights, health monitors, recorders, handguns, and so on. ___5___, they will be “the remote-control for life.”
(A) heard (B) sold (C) changed (D) seen
(A) remote (B) scarce (C) novel (D) accidental
(A) As long as (B) Even if (C) Just as (D) Only when
(A) call for (B) get over (C) relate to (D) serve as
(A) In short (B) As yet (C) By the way (D) On the contrary
EE.
The fruits and vegetables we eat often come in distinctive colors. The rich colors, ___1___, are not there only to attract attention. They perform another important function for the plants.
Research shows that the substances ___2___ these colors actually protect plants from chemical damage. The colors come mainly from chemicals known as antioxidants. Plants make antioxidants to protect themselves from the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) light, ___3___ may cause harmful elements to form within the plant cells.
When we eat colorful fruits and vegetables, the coloring chemicals protect us, too. Typically, an intensely colored plant has ___4___ of these protective chemicals than a paler one does. Research on how chemicals in blueberries affect brain function even suggests that these chemicals may help our own brains work more ___5___. In other words, eating richly colored fruits and vegetables makes us both healthier and smarter.
(A) almost (B) rarely (C) however (D) relatively
(A) capable of (B) different from (C) inferior to (D) responsible for
(A) which (B) that (C) what (D) such
(A) more (B) less (C) most (D) least
(A) obviously (B) diligently (C) efficiently (D) superficially
EF.
Recent studies have shown that alcohol is the leading gateway drug for teenagers. Gateway drugs are substances people take that ___1___ them to take more drugs. Alcohol works directly on the central nervous system and alters one’s moods and limits judgment. Since its way of altering moods (changing one’s state of mind) is generally expected and socially acceptable, oftentimes it ___2___ over drinking. Habitual drinkers may find alcohol not stimulating enough ___3___ and want to seek other more stimulating substances. ___4___ a circumstance often preconditions teenagers to the possibility of taking other drugs such as marijuana, cocaine or heroin. Another reason why alcohol is the main gateway drug is that the ___5___ of teenagers it can affect is very wide. It is easily accessible in most societies and common in popular events such as sports gatherings and dinner parties.
(A) lead (B) leads (C) leading (D) led
(A) applies to (B) arrives at (C) results in (D) plans on
(A) in advance (B) after a while (C) in the least (D) at most
(A) Since (B) As (C) All (D) Such
(A) population (B) popularity (C) pollution (D) possibility
EG.
A new year means a new beginning for most of us. On December 28th last year, the New York City sanitation department offered people a new way ___1___ farewell to 2007. For one hour on that day, a huge paper-cutting machine was set up in Times Square so people could ___2___ their lingering bad memories. Everything from photos of ex-lovers to lousy report cards could be cut into small pieces, as the organizers had announced ___3___ the event. Recycling cans were also provided for items such as ___4___ CDs and regrettable fashion mistakes. Former schoolteacher Eileen Lawrence won the event’s $250 award for the most creative memory destined for ___5___. She had created a painting from a photo of her ex-boyfriend, who Lawrence was happy to say goodbye to.
(A) bid (B) to bid (C) bidding (D) bidden
(A) destroy (B) maintain (C) dislike (D) create
(A) until (B) prior to (C) above all (D) beforehand
(A) available (B) amusing (C) annoying (D) artificial
(A) machine (B) machines (C) a machine (D) the machine
EH.
Recent studies show that levels of happiness for most people change throughout their lives. In a British study between 1991 and 2003, people were asked how satisfied they are ___1___ their lives. The resulting statistics graph shows a smile-shaped curve. Most of the people ___2___ happy and become progressively less happy as they grow older. For many of them, the most miserable period in their life is their 40s. ___3___, their levels of happiness climb. Furthermore, it seems that men are slightly happier on average than women in their teens, but women bounce back and overtake men ___4___ in life. The low point seems to last longer for women — throughout their 30s and 40s, only climbing ___5___ women reach 50. Men, on the other hand, have the lowest point in their 40s, going up again when they reach 50.
(A) for (B) with (C) at (D) of
(A) end up (B) pass by (C) start off (D) go on
(A) After that (B) By that time (C) Not for long (D) Before now
(A) sooner (B) later (C) earlier (D) slower
(A) once (B) unless (C) before (D) since
EI.
The northern lights, known as the aurora borealis, is one of nature’s most dazzling spectacles. Science is still not certain ___1___ exactly what these lights are and what causes them. Sometimes, the brilliant rays of light spread upward in the shape of a fan. ___2___, they flash here and there like giant searchlights. Farther north, the aurora frequently looks like fiery draperies which hang from the sky and sway ___3___ while flames of red, orange, green, and blue play up and down the moving folds.
According to scientific measurements, this discharge of light ___4___ from 50 to 100 miles above the earth. It is seen ___5___ around the Hudson Bay region in Canada, in northern Scotland, and in southern Norway and Sweden.
(A) due to (B) instead of (C) as to (D) in spite of
(A) At one time (B) At other times (C) At all times (D) At the same time
(A) here and now (B) by and large (C) to and fro (D) more and more
(A) takes place (B) was taking place (C) had taken place (D) took place
(A) in the least (B) on the whole (C) for its sake (D) at its best
EJ.
Average global temperature has increased by almost 1°F over the past century. Scientists expect it to increase an ___1___ 2° to 6°F over the next one hundred years. This may not sound like much, but it could change the Earth’s climate as ___2___ before.
Climate change may affect people’s health both directly and indirectly. For instance, heat stress and other heat-related health problems are caused directly by very warm temperatures. ___3___, human health can also be affected by ecological disturbances, changes in food and water supplies, as well as coastal flooding. How people and nature ___4___ climate change will determine how seriously it affects human health. Generally, poor people and poor countries are ___5___ probable to have the money and resources they need to cope with health problems due to climate change.
(A) extreme (B) additional (C) immediate (D) original
(A) ever (B) never (C) always (D) yet
(A) Suddenly (B) Previously (C) Exclusively (D) Indirectly
(A) result from (B) count on (C) adapt to (D) stand for
(A) less (B) very (C) most (D) further
EK.
The Kingdom of Bhutan is a landlocked nation situated between India and China. The entire country is mountainous, ___1___ a small strip of subtropical plains in the extreme south. The elevation gain from the subtropical plains to the glacier-covered Himalayan heights exceeds 7,000 m. Its traditional ___2___ is based on forestry, animal husbandry and subsistence agriculture. However, these ___3___ less than 50% of the GDP now that Bhutan has become an exporter of hydroelectricity. Besides, cash crops and tourism are also ___4___.
Bhutan is one of the most isolated nations in the world, ___5___ foreign influences and tourism regulated by the government to preserve its traditional Tibetan Buddhist culture. It is often described as the last surviving refuge of traditional Himalayan Buddhist culture.
(A) in terms of (B) as a part of (C) with the exception of (D) in accordance with
(A) culture (B) politics (C) religion (D) economy
(A) figure out (B) relate to (C) account for (D) conform to
(A) significant (B) durable (C) frequent (D) expressive
(A) by (B) with (C) for (D) in
EL.
Measurements are needed in many everyday activities. In kitchens you will find measures for volume (measuring cups), mass (scales and weights), and temperature (cooking thermometers). Accurate measurements are ___1___ important for scientific experiments. In a laboratory, make sure your measure meets your needs. ___2___ using any thermometer, double check that it covers the right temperature ___3___ for your activity or experiment. A garden thermometer, ___4___, will burst if you try to use it for boiling liquids.
There are different systems of measures. Most scientists now use the International System of measures, with meters for length, kilograms for ___5___, and seconds for time. If the measures in your experiment show other units, appropriate conversion tables for different systems may prove to be very useful.
(A) deliberately (B) instantly (C) particularly (D) scarcely
(A) After (B) Before (C) For (D) Without
(A) range (B) record (C) system (D) unit
(A) in short (B) in turn (C) by contrast (D) for instance
(A) distance (B) mass (C) temperature (D) volume
EM.
Every year Catemaco, a small town in the south of Mexico, hosts the Annual Witch Gathering. Healers and witch doctors converge on this beautiful lakeside town in March to make their yearly trade. ___1___ since pre-Hispanic times, Lake Catemaco has been a centre for alternative medicine and strange treatments. ___2___, the area’s association with witchcraft dates back to Olmec times more than 2,000 years ago. If you’ve ever seen the Sean Connery movie Medicine Man, ___3___ the annual convention of wizards and witches will be familiar to you. ___4___, get prepared for the overwhelming attack of wizards and witches here. Most witch doctors are guaranteed to be charlatans, not real doctors, who ___5___ some quick money from tourists. Yet, don’t be surprised if the occasional remedy offered is effective.
(A) Ever (B) Not (C) Only (D) Rarely
(A) In advance (B) In all (C) In fact (D) In sum
(A) since (B) so (C) then (D) though
(A) If any (B) If not (C) If ever (D) If only
(A) go after (B) turn down (C) give away (D) complain about
EN.
Young visitors to museums often complain about having museum feet, the tired feeling one gets after spending too much time in a museum. A case of museum feet makes one feel like saying: “This is ___1___. I could have done the painting myself. When can we sit down? What time is it?” Studies of museum behavior show that the average visitor spends about four seconds looking at one object. For young visitors, the time span can be ___2___ shorter. Children are more interested in smells, sounds, and the “feel” of a place than looking at a work of art. If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of boredom and monotony will build up, leading ___3___ to impatience and fatigue.
To ___4___ museum feet, try not to have children look at too many things in one visit. It is reported that young visitors get more out of a visit if they focus on ___5___ nine objects. One and a half hours is the ideal time to keep their eyes and minds sharp, and their feet happy!
(A) boring (B) difficult (C) cool (D) exciting
(A) almost (B) also (C) even (D) meanwhile
(A) efficiently (B) eventually (C) fortunately (D) permanently
(A) affect (B) approach (C) assure (D) avoid
(A) no better than (B) no less than (C) no more than (D) no sooner than
EO.
In the desert of southwest Peru, enormous shapes, complex patterns, and thousands of perfectly straight lines are cut into the desert’s surface. They are known as the Nazca lines and they ___1___ 500 square kilometers. There are about fifty animal figures ___2___ 275 meters long, including a monkey, a spider, and an “owl man.” The last of these lines were drawn about 1,000 years ago. More___3___ is the fact that they can be viewed only from the air. Some people believe the Nazca Indians were ___4___ able to fly, perhaps in balloons. Others say the lines were landing areas for alien spaceships. Maybe the lines were to carry water for farming, or were used as a calendar. The only thing certain is that the Nazca lines remain one of the world’s most fascinating ___5___ mysteries.
(A) circle (B) contain (C) cover (D) wrap
(A) far from (B) such as (C) up to (D) as much as
(A) amazing (B) hesitating (C) interacting (D) satisfying
(A) someday (B) somehow (C) sometime (D) somewhere
(A) unchanged (B) undetermined (C) unfolded (D) unsolved
EP.
After a long day working in the office, Alexander hailed a taxi to take him home. Squeezing his body into the taxi, he noticed the shiny interior and the smell of brand new leather. After informing the driver of his ___1___, Alexander resorted to his reading of Dan Brown’s intelligent thriller, The Da Vinci Code. Five minutes into the journey, he was on page 120: “…his Mona Lisa is neither male nor female…” Suddenly, Alexander ___2___ and noticed that the driver had detoured from the familiar route. To redirect the driver, Alexander tapped him on the shoulder. Out of the blue, the driver screamed, lost control of the car, and almost hit a bus. The cab went up on the footpath and ___3___ stopped centimeters away from a shop window. For a second, everything went quiet in the cab. Then the driver said, “Look, mate! Don't ever do that again. You scared the living daylights out of me!” Alexander apologized and said, “I didn't ___4___ that a little tap would scare you so much.” The driver replied, “Sorry, sir. It’s not really your ___5___. Today is my first day as a cab driver. I've been driving a funeral van for the last 25 years.”
(A) motivation (B) destination (C) expectation (D) solution
(A) looked up (B) took off (C) turned in (D) got on
(A) hardly (B) likely (C) finally (D) mainly
(A) find (B) realize (C) wonder (D) admit
(A) matter (B) decision (C) trouble (D) fault
EQ.
Coined in 2020, the term “revenge travel” stems from a feeling of wanting to break free from the monotonous life of lockdowns. After being confined in their homes for months due to the fear of the highly contagious disease and subsequent worldwide lockdowns, many people are ___1___ to travel even more before the pandemic. It appears that now, rather than feeling afraid and worried, people are just ready to get back at something: the year 2020 ___2___ lockdowns. With this mindset, the tourism industry bas greatly bounced back right after the COVID wave starts declining. Many people want to go somewhere so eagerly as they have felt imprisoned for so long. Take India for example. Many people still go traveling out of sheer frustration and the feeling of annoyance from August to October, generally considered the off-season for travel because of unfavorable weather conditions.
___3___ the freedom of traveling is being celebrated, everything comes at a price. That is, revenge travel has the potential to ___4___ months of lockdown, which breaks the chain of COVID-19 spread. As tens of thousands of people flock to popular scenic sites, it is crucial for everyone to observe social distancing and mask wearing. ___5___, the chance to be infected will be the last thing people expect. Although these new norms can be quite disturbing, in the post pandemic era, people have to be prepared to change their behaviors.
(A) compelled (B) ambitious (C) reluctant (D) desperate
(A) lost to (B) occupied with (C) intended for (D) engaged in
(A) Because (B) Since (C) While (D) Until
(A) expand (B) undo (C) halt (D) lift
(A) After all (B) In short (C) Worse still (D) Above all
ER.
The origin of the well-loved stuffed toy teddy bear can be traced back to the story of Theodore Roosevelt, the president of the US from 1901 to 1909. In 1902, as a devoted hunter, Theodore Roosevelt went on a trip of bear hunting with his assistant and staff. Much ___1___ he loved hunting, he failed to find a single prey that day. One of Roosevelt's assistants tied a baby bear to a willow tree and suggested that he shoot it. Roosevelt refused and thought that it was cruel to shoot a defenseless animal. Little ___2___ the president know that his actions would cause the creation of a world-famous toy.
The story soon spread to every corner in the country. Newspapers around the country kept recounting the story of Theodore Roosevelt and the bear. An owner of a sweet shop heard the story and was deeply impressed by Roosevelt's ___3___. In order to express his admiration for the president, he had an idea of creating a toy bear ___4___ Theodore Roosevelt, or Teddy. These stuffed toys, now known as teddy bears, sold like hot cakes. Women and children alike carried a teddy bear with them no matter where they went. Interestingly, Theodore Roosevelt himself, while ___5___ for his second term in office in 1904, also used the teddy bear as his mascot. Nowadays, the toddy bear remains one of the most popular gifts all over the world.
(A) like (B) with (C) more (D) as
(A) did (B) was (C) were (D) had
(A) endeavor (B) misery (C) passion (D) sympathy
(A) acquainted with (B) named after (C) looked up to (D) fed up with
(A) campaigning (B) defending (C) protesting (D) volunteering
ES.
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